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  1. Though the knowledge base on implementation strategies is growing, much remains unknown about how to most effectively operationalize these strategies in diverse contexts. For example, while evidence shows that...

    Authors: Arwen E. Bunce, Inga Gruß, James V. Davis, Stuart Cowburn, Deborah Cohen, Jee Oakley and Rachel Gold
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:87
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. Authors: Sara J. Landes, Suzanne E. U. Kerns, Meagan R. Pilar, Callie Walsh-Bailey, Stephanie H. Yu, Y. Vivian Byeon, Margaret E. Crane, Madeline Larson, Heather L. Bullock, Ana A. Baumann, Katherine Anne Comtois, Doyanne Darnell, Shannon Dorsey, Phil Fizur, Cara C. Lewis, Joanna C. Moullin…
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15(Suppl 3):76
    Content type: Introduction Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 15 Supplement 3

  4. Failing to account for the resources required to successfully implement public health interventions can lead to an underestimation of costs and budget impact, optimistic cost-effectiveness estimates, and ultim...

    Authors: Hojoon Sohn, Austin Tucker, Olivia Ferguson, Isabella Gomes and David Dowdy
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:86
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  5. Mis-implementation—defined as failure to successfully implement and continue evidence-based programs—is widespread in public health practice. Yet the causes of this phenomenon are poorly understood.

    Authors: Joseph T. Ornstein, Ross A. Hammond, Margaret Padek, Stephanie Mazzucca and Ross C. Brownson
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:85
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  6. Numerous models, frameworks, and theories exist for specific aspects of implementation research, including for determinants, strategies, and outcomes. However, implementation research projects often fail to pr...

    Authors: Justin D. Smith, Dennis H. Li and Miriam R. Rafferty
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:84
    Content type: Research Published on:

    The Letter to the Editor to this article has been published in Implementation Science 2021 16:97

  7. Use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) is rapidly growing for treatment of atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism. However, incorrect dosing of these medications is common and puts patients at risk o...

    Authors: Geoffrey D. Barnes, Emily Sippola, Michael Dorsch, Joshua Errickson, Michael Lanham, Arthur Allen, Patrick Spoutz, Anne E. Sales and Jeremy Sussman
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:83
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  8. Formative evaluation of the implementation process for a digitally supported intervention in polypharmacy in Germany. Qualitative research was conducted within a cluster randomized controlled trial (C-RCT). It...

    Authors: Sara Söling, Juliane Köberlein-Neu, Beate Sigrid Müller, Truc Sophia Dinh, Christiane Muth, Holger Pfaff and Ute Karbach
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:82
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. Despite decades of ethical, empirical, and policy support, shared decision-making (SDM) has failed to become standard practice in US cancer care. Organizational and health system characteristics appear to cont...

    Authors: Isabelle Scholl, Sarah Kobrin and Glyn Elwyn
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:81
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. To assess the quality of recommendations from 161 clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) using AGREE-REX-D (Appraisal of Guidelines REsearch and Evaluation-Recommendations Excellence Draft).

    Authors: Ivan D. Florez, Melissa C. Brouwers, Kate Kerkvliet, Karen Spithoff, Pablo Alonso-Coello, Jako Burgers, Francoise Cluzeau, Beatrice Férvers, Ian Graham, Jeremy Grimshaw, Steven Hanna, Monika Kastner, Michelle Kho, Amir Qaseem and Sharon Straus
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:79
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. Fidelity in complex behavioral interventions is underexplored. This study examines the fidelity of the INFORM trial and explores the relationship between fidelity, study arm, and the trial’s primary outcome—ca...

    Authors: Liane R. Ginsburg, Matthias Hoben, Adam Easterbrook, Elizabeth Andersen, Ruth A. Anderson, Lisa Cranley, Holly J. Lanham, Peter G. Norton, Lori E. Weeks and Carole A. Estabrooks
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:78
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. Promoting uptake of evidence-based innovations in healthcare systems requires attention to how innovations are adapted to enhance their fit with a given setting. Little is known about real-world variation in h...

    Authors: Gloria D. Coronado, Jennifer L. Schneider, Beverly B. Green, Jennifer K. Coury, Malaika R. Schwartz, Yogini Kulkarni-Sharma and Laura Mae Baldwin
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:77
    Content type: Research Published on:

  13. Effective communication among interdisciplinary healthcare teams is essential for quality healthcare, especially in nursing homes (NHs). Care aides provide most direct care in NHs, yet are rarely included in f...

    Authors: Matthias Hoben, Liane R. Ginsburg, Adam Easterbrook, Peter G. Norton, Ruth A. Anderson, Elizabeth A. Andersen, Anne-Marie Boström, Lisa A. Cranley, Holly J. Lanham, Lori E. Weeks, Greta G. Cummings, Jayna M. Holroyd-Leduc, Janet E. Squires, Adrian S. Wagg and Carole A. Estabrooks
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:75
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. The majority of literature on evidence-based practice (EBP) adaptation focuses on changes to clinical practices without explicitly addressing how organizations must adapt to accommodate a new EBP. This study e...

    Authors: Rebecca Lengnick-Hall, Cathleen E. Willging, Michael S. Hurlburt and Gregory A. Aarons
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:74
    Content type: Research Published on:

  15. Effective strategies are needed to increase implementation and sustainability of evidence-based tobacco dependence treatment (TDT) in public health systems in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Our two-...

    Authors: Nancy VanDevanter, Milkie Vu, Ann Nguyen, Trang Nguyen, Hoang Van Minh, Nam Truong Nguyen and Donna R. Shelley
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:73
    Content type: Research Published on:

  16. While cesarean sections (CSs) are a life-saving intervention, an increasing number are performed without medical reasons in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Unnecessary CS diverts scarce resources and...

    Authors: Alexandre Dumont, Ana Pilar Betrán, Charles Kaboré, Myriam de Loenzien, Pisake Lumbiganon, Meghan A. Bohren, Quoc Nhu Hung Mac, Newton Opiyo, Guillermo Carroli, Kristi Sidney Annerstedt, Valéry Ridde, Ramón Escuriet, Michael Robson and Claudia Hanson
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:72
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  17. Enhancing the sustainability of evidence-based prevention programs for mental and behavioral health requires tools for measuring both sustainability determinants and sustainment outcomes. The aim of this study...

    Authors: Lawrence A. Palinkas, Chih-Ping Chou, Suzanne E. Spear, Sapna J. Mendon, Juan Villamar and C. Hendricks Brown
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:71
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  18. There is a need to unpack the empirical, practical, and personal challenges within participatory approaches advocated to optimize implementation. The unpredictable, chaotic nature of participatory approaches c...

    Authors: Abby M. Steketee, Thomas G. Archibald and Samantha M. Harden
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:70
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. Teams’ structure may undergo modifications due to the individual attributes of actors and collective-level variables. This research aims to understand the effect of extensive experience working in the program ...

    Authors: Ignacio Ramos-Vidal, Jorge Palacio, Ilse Villamil and Alicia Uribe
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:69
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. The Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) framework was developed two decades ago and conceptualizes successful implementation (SI) as a function (f) of the evidence (E) natur...

    Authors: Anna Bergström, Anna Ehrenberg, Ann Catrine Eldh, Ian D. Graham, Kazuko Gustafsson, Gillian Harvey, Sarah Hunter, Alison Kitson, Jo Rycroft-Malone and Lars Wallin
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:68
    Content type: Systematic review Published on:

  21. There is little information about the functions and behavior change techniques (BCTs) needed to implement shared decision making (SDM) in clinical practice. To guide future implementation initiatives, we sough...

    Authors: Titilayo Tatiana Agbadjé, Hélène Elidor, Milena Sia Perin, Rhéda Adekpedjou and France Légaré
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:67
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. Implementation research aims to facilitate the timely and routine implementation and sustainment of evidence-based interventions and services. A glaring gap in this endeavour is the capability of researchers, ...

    Authors: Zarnie Khadjesari, Sabah Boufkhed, Silia Vitoratou, Laura Schatte, Alexandra Ziemann, Christina Daskalopoulou, Eleonora Uglik-Marucha, Nick Sevdalis and Louise Hull
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:66
    Content type: Systematic review Published on:

  23. Recently, a 3-month (12-dose) regimen of weekly isoniazid and rifapentine (3HP) was recommended by the World Health Organization for the prevention of tuberculosis (TB) among people living with HIV (PLHIV) on ...

    Authors: Jillian L. Kadota, Allan Musinguzi, Juliet Nabunje, Fred Welishe, Jackie L. Ssemata, Opira Bishop, Christopher A. Berger, Devika Patel, Amanda Sammann, Anne Katahoire, Payam Nahid, Robert Belknap, Patrick P. J. Phillips, Jennifer Namusobya, Moses Kamya, Margaret A. Handley…
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:65
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  24. People who inject drugs (PWID) bear a disproportionate burden of HIV infection and experience poor outcomes. A randomized trial demonstrated the efficacy of an integrated System Navigation and Psychosocial Cou...

    Authors: Minh X. B. Nguyen, Anh V. Chu, Byron J. Powell, Ha V. Tran, Long H. Nguyen, An T. M. Dao, Manh D. Pham, Son H. Vo, Ngoc H. Bui, David W. Dowdy, Carl A. Latkin, Kathryn E. Lancaster, Brian W. Pence, Teerada Sripaipan, Irving Hoffman, William C. Miller…
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:64
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  25. The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends out-of-office blood pressure (BP) testing to exclude white coat hypertension prior to hypertension diagnosis. Despite improved availability and coverag...

    Authors: Nathalie Moise, Erica Phillips, Eileen Carter, Carmela Alcantara, Jacob Julian, Anusorn Thanataveerat, Joseph E. Schwartz, Siqin Ye, Andrea Duran, Daichi Shimbo and Ian M. Kronish
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:63
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  26. Research to date has focused on strategies and resources used by effective champions of healthcare change efforts, rather than personal characteristics that contribute to their success. We sought to identify a...

    Authors: Kirsten Bonawitz, Marisa Wetmore, Michele Heisler, Vanessa K. Dalton, Laura J. Damschroder, Jane Forman, Katie R. Allan and Michelle H. Moniz
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:62
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Fiona Riordan, Emmy Racine, Eunice T. Phillip, Colin Bradley, Fabiana Lorencatto, Mark Murphy, Aileen Murphy, John Browne, Susan M. Smith, Patricia M. Kearney and Sheena M. McHugh
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:61
    Content type: Correction Published on:

    The original article was published in Implementation Science 2020 15:34

  28. Childhood cancer affects and is affected by multiple levels of the social ecology, including social and relational determinants of health (e.g., economic stability, housing, childcare, healthcare access, child...

    Authors: Anne E. Kazak, Janet A. Deatrick, Michele A. Scialla, Eric Sandler, Rebecca E. Madden and Lamia P. Barakat
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:60
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  29. Prolonged exposure therapy (PE) is an evidence-based treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) that is underutilized in the military health system. Standard workshop training in PE may not be sufficie...

    Authors: Edna B. Foa, Carmen P. McLean, Lily A. Brown, Yinyin Zang, David Rosenfield, Laurie J. Zandberg, Wayne Ealey, Brenda S. Hanson, Lora Rose Hunter, Ivett J. Lillard, Thomas J. Patterson, Julio Rosado, Valerie Scott, Charles Weber, Joseph E. Wise, Charles D. Zamora…
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:59
    Content type: Research Published on:

  30. In 2018, the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) mandated implementation of a national suicide risk identification strategy (Risk ID). The goal of Risk ID is to improve the detection and management of suicide...

    Authors: Nazanin H. Bahraini, Bridget B. Matarazzo, Catherine N. Barry, Edward P. Post, Jeri E. Forster, Katherine M. Dollar, Steven K. Dobscha and Lisa A. Brenner
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:58
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  31. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) such as ischemic heart disease and stroke is the leading causes of death and disability globally with a growing burden in low and middle-income countries. A credible way of managin...

    Authors: Tonny B. Muthee, Derick Kimathi, Georgia C. Richards, Anthony Etyang, David Nunan, Veronika Williams and Carl Heneghan
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:57
    Content type: Systematic review Published on:

  32. Implementation science is shifting from qualifying adaptations as good or bad towards understanding adaptations and their impact. Existing adaptation classification frameworks are largely descriptive (e.g., wh...

    Authors: M. Alexis Kirk, Julia E. Moore, Shannon Wiltsey Stirman and Sarah A. Birken
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:56
    Content type: Debate Published on:

  33. Cross-system interventions can help integrate services across different service delivery systems but require organizations to establish strong collaborative relationships for implementation. Contingency theory...

    Authors: Alicia C. Bunger, Emmeline Chuang, Amanda Girth, Kathryn E. Lancaster, Fawn Gadel, Marla Himmeger, Lisa Saldana, Byron J. Powell and Gregory A. Aarons
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:55
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  34. Reducing the need for antibiotics is crucial in addressing the global threat of antimicrobial resistance. Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is one of the most frequent device-related infectio...

    Authors: Lou Atkins, Anna Sallis, Tim Chadborn, Karen Shaw, Annegret Schneider, Susan Hopkins, Amanda Bunten, Susan Michie and Fabiana Lorencatto
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:44
    Content type: Systematic review Published on:

  35. Enacting knowledge translation (KT) in healthcare settings is a complex process that requires organizational facilitation. In addition to addressing organizational-level barriers, targeting individual-level fa...

    Authors: Christine Provvidenza, Ashleigh Townley, Joanne Wincentak, Sean Peacocke and Shauna Kingsnorth
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:54
    Content type: Research Published on:

  36. There are complex issues in understanding and categorizing implementation science theories, models, and frameworks. Systematic reviews of these models are important undertakings for synthesizing current knowle...

    Authors: Russell E. Glasgow, Paul A. Estabrooks and Marcia G. Ory
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:53
    Content type: Letter to the Editor Published on:

    The original article was published in Implementation Science 2020 15:52

  38. The study purpose was to compare the effectiveness of monthly or quarterly peer reminder knowledge translation interventions, with monthly or quarterly paper-based reminders, to sustain a mobility innovation, ...

    Authors: Susan E. Slaughter, Misha Eliasziw, Carla Ickert, C. Allyson Jones, Carole A. Estabrooks and Adrian S. Wagg
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:51
    Content type: Research Published on:

  39. Nudge interventions are those that seek to modify the social and physical environment to enhance capacity for subconscious behaviours that align with the intrinsic values of an individual, without actively res...

    Authors: Sze Lin Yoong, Alix Hall, Fiona Stacey, Alice Grady, Rachel Sutherland, Rebecca Wyse, Amy Anderson, Nicole Nathan and Luke Wolfenden
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:50
    Content type: Systematic review Published on:

  40. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Numerous VTE prevention clinical practice guidelines are available but not consistently implemented. This sy...

    Authors: Juliana Abboud, Abir Abdel Rahman, Lara Kahale, Martin Dempster and Pauline Adair
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:49
    Content type: Systematic review Published on:

  41. In 2018, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) issued Notice 2018-08 requiring facilities to complete “case reviews” for Veterans identified in the Stratification Tool for Opioid Risk Mitigation (STORM) dash...

    Authors: Shari S. Rogal, Matthew Chinman, Walid F. Gellad, Maria K. Mor, Hongwei Zhang, Sharon A. McCarthy, Genna T. Mauro, Jennifer A. Hale, Eleanor T. Lewis, Elizabeth M. Oliva, Jodie A. Trafton, Vera Yakovchenko, Adam J. Gordon and Leslie R. M. Hausmann
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:48
    Content type: Research Published on:

  42. Public policy has tremendous impacts on population health. While policy development has been extensively studied, policy implementation research is newer and relies largely on qualitative methods. Quantitative...

    Authors: Peg Allen, Meagan Pilar, Callie Walsh-Bailey, Cole Hooley, Stephanie Mazzucca, Cara C. Lewis, Kayne D. Mettert, Caitlin N. Dorsey, Jonathan Purtle, Maura M. Kepper, Ana A. Baumann and Ross C. Brownson
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:47
    Content type: Systematic review Published on:

  43. Laboratory tests and transfusions are sometimes ordered inappropriately, particularly in the critical care setting, which sees frequent use of both. Audit and Feedback (A&F) is a potentially useful interventio...

    Authors: Madison Foster, Justin Presseau, Nicola McCleary, Kelly Carroll, Lauralyn McIntyre, Brian Hutton and Jamie Brehaut
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:46
    Content type: Systematic review Published on:

  44. National audit is a key strategy used to improve care for patients with dementia. Audit and feedback has been shown to be effective, but with variation in how much it improves care. Both evidence and theory id...

    Authors: Michael Sykes, Richard Thomson, Niina Kolehmainen, Louise Allan and Tracy Finch
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:45
    Content type: Research Published on:

  45. Bridging factors are relational ties (e.g. partnerships), formal arrangements (e.g. contracts or polices) and processes (e.g. data sharing agreements) linking outer and inner contexts and are a recent evolutio...

    Authors: Rebecca Lengnick-Hall, Cathleen Willging, Michael Hurlburt, Karissa Fenwick and Gregory A. Aarons
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:43
    Content type: Research Published on:

  46. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2/Covid-19 affects all of us and is associated with rapid and massive changes in healthcare and societies. As a response, a range of interventions for patients and populations have be...

    Authors: Michel Wensing, Anne Sales, Rebecca Armstrong and Paul Wilson
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:42
    Content type: Editorial Published on:

  47. Health care professionals (HCPs) use clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) to make evidence-informed decisions regarding patient care. Although a large number of cancer-related CPGs exist, it is unknown which CP...

    Authors: Jennifer R. Tomasone, Kaitlyn D. Kauffeldt, Rushil Chaudhary and Melissa C. Brouwers
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:41
    Content type: Systematic review Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Implementation Science 2021 16:59

  48. Extensive efforts have been made to train mental health providers in evidence-based psychotherapies (EBPs); there is increasing attention focused on the methods through which providers are trained to deliver E...

    Authors: Helen Valenstein-Mah, Nancy Greer, Lauren McKenzie, Lucas Hansen, Thad Q. Strom, Shannon Wiltsey Stirman, Timothy J. Wilt and Shannon M. Kehle-Forbes
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:40
    Content type: Systematic review Published on:

  49. Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) synthesize the best available evidence to guide clinician and patient decision making. There are a multitude of barriers and facilitators to clinicians adhering to CPGs; how...

    Authors: Mia Bierbaum, Frances Rapport, Gaston Arnolda, Brona Nic Giolla Easpaig, Klay Lamprell, Karen Hutchinson, Geoff P. Delaney, Winston Liauw, Richard Kefford, Ian Olver and Jeffrey Braithwaite
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:39
    Content type: Systematic review Published on:

  50. In the last decade, there is an increasing focus on detecting and compiling lists of low-value nursing procedures. However, less is known about effective de-implementation strategies for these procedures. Ther...

    Authors: Tessa Rietbergen, Denise Spoon, Anja H. Brunsveld-Reinders, Jan W. Schoones, Anita Huis, Maud Heinen, Anke Persoon, Monique van Dijk, Hester Vermeulen, Erwin Ista and Leti van Bodegom-Vos
    Citation: Implementation Science 2020 15:38
    Content type: Systematic review Published on:
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Implementation Science

ISSN: 1748-5908