While an extensive array of existing evidence-based practices (EBPs) have the potential to improve patient outcomes, little is known about how to implement EBPs on a larger scale. Therefore, we sought to ident...
Authors: Ali Ben Charif, Hervé Tchala Vignon Zomahoun, Annie LeBlanc, Léa Langlois, Luke Wolfenden, Sze Lin Yoong, Christopher M. Williams, Roxanne Lépine and France Légaré
Implementation strategies are imperative for the successful adoption and sustainability of complex evidence-based public health practices. Creating a learning collaborative is one strategy that was part of a r...
Authors: Carla L. DeSisto, Cameron Estrich, Charlan D. Kroelinger, David A. Goodman, Ellen Pliska, Christine N. Mackie, Lisa F. Waddell and Kristin M. Rankin
The recent growth in organized efforts to advance dissemination and implementation (D & I) science suggests a rapidly expanding community focused on the adoption and sustainment of evidence-based practices (EB...
Authors: Doyanne Darnell, Caitlin N. Dorsey, Abigail Melvin, Jonathan Chi, Aaron R. Lyon and Cara C. Lewis
Guideline implementation tools (GI tools) can improve clinician behavior and patient outcomes. Analyses of guidelines published before 2010 found that many did not offer GI tools. Since 2010 standards, framewo...
Authors: Laurel Liang, Jhoni Abi Safi and Anna R. Gagliardi
Overdoses due to non-medical use of prescription opioids and other opiates have become the leading cause of accidental deaths in the USA. Buprenorphine and extended-release naltrexone are key evidence-based ph...
Authors: Todd Molfenter, Hannah K. Knudsen, Randy Brown, Nora Jacobson, Julie Horst, Mark Van Etten, Jee-Seon Kim, Eric Haram, Elizabeth Collier, Sanford Starr, Alexander Toy and Lynn Madden
Individuals with severe mental illness (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder) die 10–25 years earlier than the general population, primarily from premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). Contributing factors a...
Authors: Christina Mangurian, Grace C. Niu, Dean Schillinger, John W. Newcomer, James Dilley and Margaret A. Handley
Leadership style and specific organizational climates have emerged as critical mechanisms to implement targeted practices in organizations. Drawing from relevant theories, we propose that climate for implement...
Authors: Erick G. Guerrero, Karissa Fenwick and Yinfei Kong
It is widely acknowledged that health policy and management decisions rarely reflect research evidence. Therefore, it is important to determine how to improve evidence-informed decision-making. The primary aim...
Authors: Mitchell N. Sarkies, Kelly-Ann Bowles, Elizabeth H. Skinner, Romi Haas, Haylee Lane and Terry P. Haines
Implementing research findings into healthcare practice and policy is a complex process occurring in diverse contexts; it invariably depends on changing human behaviour in many parts of an intricate implementa...
The aim of this mixed-methods, systematic literature review was to develop an understanding of the factors affecting the implementation of tobacco and substance use intervention programmes in the secondary sch...
Authors: Gillian Waller, Tracy Finch, Emma L. Giles and Dorothy Newbury-Birch
A large and compelling clinical evidence base has shown that integrated TB and HIV services leads to reduction in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)- and tuberculosis (TB)-associated mortality and morbidity. D...
Authors: Kogieleum Naidoo, Santhanalakshmi Gengiah, Nonhlanhla Yende-Zuma, Nesri Padayatchi, Pierre Barker, Andrew Nunn, Priashni Subrayen and Salim S. Abdool Karim
Organizational readiness to change healthcare practice is a major determinant of successful implementation of evidence-based interventions. However, we lack of comprehensive, valid, and reliable instruments to...
Authors: Gonzalo Grandes, Paola Bully, Catalina Martinez and Marie-Pierre Gagnon
The Enhancing Mental and Physical health of Women through Engagement and Retention or EMPOWER program represents a partnership with the US Department of Veterans Health Administration (VA) Health Service Resea...
Authors: Alison B. Hamilton, Melissa M. Farmer, Tannaz Moin, Erin P. Finley, Ariel J. Lang, Sabine M. Oishi, Alexis K. Huynh, Jessica Zuchowski, Sally G. Haskell and Bevanne Bean-Mayberry
To improve management of severely ill hospitalized patients in low-income settings, the World Health Organization (WHO) established a triage tool called “Quick Check” to provide clinicians with a rapid, standa...
Authors: Matthew J. Cummings, Elijah Goldberg, Savio Mwaka, Olive Kabajaasi, Eric Vittinghoff, Adithya Cattamanchi, Achilles Katamba, Nathan Kenya-Mugisha, Shevin T. Jacob and J. Lucian Davis
Strategies are central to the National Institutes of Health’s definition of implementation research as “the study of strategies to integrate evidence-based interventions into specific settings.” Multiple schol...
Authors: Jennifer Leeman, Sarah A. Birken, Byron J. Powell, Catherine Rohweder and Christopher M. Shea
Theories provide a synthesizing architecture for implementation science. The underuse, superficial use, and misuse of theories pose a substantial scientific challenge for implementation science and may relate ...
Authors: Sarah A. Birken, Byron J. Powell, Christopher M. Shea, Emily R. Haines, M. Alexis Kirk, Jennifer Leeman, Catherine Rohweder, Laura Damschroder and Justin Presseau
Adapting promising health care interventions to local settings is a critical component in the dissemination and implementation process. The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) rural transitions nurse program ...
Authors: Chelsea Leonard, Emily Lawrence, Marina McCreight, Brandi Lippmann, Lynette Kelley, Ashlea Mayberry, Amy Ladebue, Heather Gilmartin, Murray J. Côté, Jacqueline Jones, Borsika A. Rabin, P. Michael Ho and Robert Burke
The rates of diabetes and prediabetes in the USA are growing, significantly impacting the quality and length of life of those diagnosed and financially burdening society. Premature death and disability can be ...
Authors: Renee G. Parks, Rachel G. Tabak, Peg Allen, Elizabeth A. Baker, Katherine A. Stamatakis, Allison R. Poehler, Yan Yan, Marshall H. Chin, Jenine K. Harris, Maureen Dobbins and Ross C. Brownson
Behaviour change is key to addressing both the challenges facing human health and wellbeing and to promoting the uptake of research findings in health policy and practice. We need to make better use of the vas...
Authors: Susan Michie, James Thomas, Marie Johnston, Pol Mac Aonghusa, John Shawe-Taylor, Michael P. Kelly, Léa A. Deleris, Ailbhe N. Finnerty, Marta M. Marques, Emma Norris, Alison O’Mara-Eves and Robert West
The Checklist for the Reporting of Updated Guidelines (CheckUp) was recently developed. However, so far, no systematic assessment of the reporting of updated clinical guidelines (CGs) exists. We aimed to exami...
Authors: Robin W.M. Vernooij, Laura Martínez García, Ivan Dario Florez, Laura Hildago Armas, Michiel H.F. Poorthuis, Melissa Brouwers and Pablo Alonso-Coello
In health, organizational participatory research (OPR) refers to health organization members participating in research decisions, with university researchers, throughout a study. This non-academic partner cont...
Authors: Paula L. Bush, Pierre Pluye, Christine Loignon, Vera Granikov, Michael T. Wright, Jean-François Pelletier, Gillian Bartlett-Esquilant, Ann C. Macaulay, Jeannie Haggerty, Sharon Parry and Carol Repchinsky
Advancing implementation research and practice requires valid and reliable measures of implementation determinants, mechanisms, processes, strategies, and outcomes. However, researchers and implementation stak...
Authors: Byron J. Powell, Cameo F. Stanick, Heather M. Halko, Caitlin N. Dorsey, Bryan J. Weiner, Melanie A. Barwick, Laura J. Damschroder, Michel Wensing, Luke Wolfenden and Cara C. Lewis
Audit and feedback (A&F) is a common strategy for helping health providers to implement evidence into practice. Despite being extensively studied, health care A&F interventions remain variably effective, with ...
Authors: Heather L. Colquhoun, Kelly Carroll, Kevin W. Eva, Jeremy M. Grimshaw, Noah Ivers, Susan Michie, Anne Sales and Jamie C. Brehaut
Health systems worldwide struggle to identify, adopt, and implement in a timely and system-wide manner the best—evidence-informed—policy-level practices. Yet, there is still only limited evidence about individ...
Poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can be seen as failure to meet recommended targets for management of key risk factors including glycaemic control, blood pressure and lipids. Poor control of r...
Authors: Mark E. Murphy, Molly Byrne, Atieh Zarabzadeh, Derek Corrigan, Tom Fahey and Susan M. Smith
Indigenous smoking rates are up to 80% among pregnant women: prevalence among pregnant Australian Indigenous women was 45% in 2014, contributing significantly to the health gap for Indigenous Australians. We a...
Authors: Gillian S. Gould, Yael Bar-Zeev, Michelle Bovill, Lou Atkins, Maree Gruppetta, Marilyn J Clarke and Billie Bonevski
Advanced Computerized Decision Support Systems (CDSSs) assist clinicians in their decision-making process, generating recommendations based on up-to-date scientific evidence. Although this technology has the p...
Authors: Elisa G. Liberati, Francesca Ruggiero, Laura Galuppo, Mara Gorli, Marien González-Lorenzo, Marco Maraldi, Pietro Ruggieri, Hernan Polo Friz, Giuseppe Scaratti, Koren H. Kwag, Roberto Vespignani and Lorenzo Moja
Knowledge produced through applied health research is often of a form not readily accessible to or actionable by policymakers and practitioners, which hinders its implementation. Our aim was to identify resear...
Authors: Sonya Crowe, Simon Turner, Martin Utley and Naomi J. Fulop
Implementing treatments and interventions with demonstrated effectiveness is critical for improving patient health outcomes at a reduced cost. When an evidence-based intervention (EBI) is implemented with fide...
Authors: Gregory A. Aarons, Marisa Sklar, Brian Mustanski, Nanette Benbow and C. Hendricks Brown
Understanding sustainability is one of the significant implementation science challenges. One of the big challenges in researching sustainability is the lack of consistent definitions in the literature. Most i...
Authors: Julia E. Moore, Alekhya Mascarenhas, Julie Bain and Sharon E. Straus
Veterans Health Affairs (VA) home-based primary care (HBPC) is an evidence-based interdisciplinary approach to non-institutional long-term care that was developed in urban settings to provide longitudinal care...
Authors: B. Josea Kramer, Sarah D. Cote, Diane I. Lee, Beth Creekmur and Debra Saliba
Implementation outcome measures are essential for monitoring and evaluating the success of implementation efforts. Yet, currently available measures lack conceptual clarity and have largely unknown reliability...
Authors: Bryan J. Weiner, Cara C. Lewis, Cameo Stanick, Byron J. Powell, Caitlin N. Dorsey, Alecia S. Clary, Marcella H. Boynton and Heather Halko
It is increasingly acknowledged that differentiated care models hold potential to manage large volumes of patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Various group-based models of ART service delivery aimed at d...
Authors: Ferdinand C. Mukumbang, Sara Van Belle, Bruno Marchal and Brian van Wyk
Theories, models, and frameworks used by implementation science, including Diffusion of Innovations, tend to focus on the adoption of one innovation, when often organizations may be facing multiple simultaneou...
Authors: Isomi M. Miake-Lye, Emmeline Chuang, Hector P. Rodriguez, Gerald F. Kominski, Elizabeth M. Yano and Stephen M. Shortell
Although clinical guidelines recommend the provision of care to reduce client chronic disease risk behaviours, such care is provided sub-optimally by primary healthcare providers. A study was undertaken to det...
Authors: John Wiggers, Kathleen McElwaine, Megan Freund, Libby Campbell, Jenny Bowman, Paula Wye, Luke Wolfenden, Danika Tremain, Daniel Barker, Carolyn Slattery, Karen Gillham and Kate Bartlem
While dissemination and implementation (D&I) science has grown rapidly, there is an ongoing need to understand how to build and sustain capacity in individuals and institutions conducting research. There are t...
Authors: Ross C. Brownson, Enola K. Proctor, Douglas A. Luke, Ana A. Baumann, Mackenzie Staub, Matthew T. Brown and Mallory Johnson
Substance misuse is now encountered in settings beyond addiction specialty care, with schools a point-of-contact for student access to behavioral health services. Marijuana is a leading impetus for adolescent ...
Authors: Bryan Hartzler, Aaron R. Lyon, Denise D. Walker, Lauren Matthews, Kevin M. King and Kathryn E. McCollister
The global response to HIV has started over 18 million persons on life-saving antiretroviral therapy (ART)—the vast majority in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC)—yet substantial gaps remain: up to 40% of...
Authors: Matthew D. Hickey, Thomas A. Odeny, Maya Petersen, Torsten B. Neilands, Nancy Padian, Nathan Ford, Zachary Matthay, David Hoos, Meg Doherty, Chris Beryer, Stefan Baral and Elvin H. Geng
Increasing interest in implementation science has generated a demand for education and training opportunities for researchers and practitioners in the field. However, few implementation science courses have be...
Authors: Siw Carlfjord, Kerstin Roback and Per Nilsen
The Stroke Canada Optimization of Rehabilitation by Evidence-Implementation Trial (SCORE-IT) showed that a facilitated knowledge translation (KT) approach to implementing a stroke rehabilitation guideline was ...
Authors: Nancy M. Salbach, Sharon Wood-Dauphinee, Johanne Desrosiers, Janice J. Eng, Ian D. Graham, Susan B. Jaglal, Nicol Korner-Bitensky, Marilyn MacKay-Lyons, Nancy E. Mayo, Carol L. Richards, Robert W. Teasell, Merrick Zwarenstein and Mark T. Bayley
Multimorbidity, defined as the presence of at least two chronic conditions, becomes increasingly common in older people and is associated with poorer health outcomes and significant polypharmacy. The National ...
Authors: Caroline McCarthy, Barbara Clyne, Derek Corrigan, Fiona Boland, Emma Wallace, Frank Moriarty, Tom Fahey, Carmel Hughes, Paddy Gillespie and Susan M. Smith
Engaging stakeholders from varied organizational levels is essential to successful healthcare quality improvement. However, engagement has been hard to achieve and to measure across diverse stakeholders. Furth...
Authors: Jill M. Norris, Deborah E. White, Lorelli Nowell, Kelly Mrklas and Henry T. Stelfox
A recent review of frameworks used in dissemination and implementation (D&I) science described 61 judged to be related either to dissemination, implementation, or both. The current use of these frameworks and ...
Authors: Ted A. Skolarus, Todd Lehmann, Rachel G. Tabak, Jenine Harris, Jesse Lecy and Anne E. Sales
The knowledge exchange literature suggests that policy dialogues are intended to enhance short-, medium- and long-term capacities of individuals, organizations and health systems to use evidence to inform poli...
Authors: Gillian Mulvale, Samantha A. McRae and Sandra Milicic
Feedback is widely used as a strategy to improve the quality of care in primary care settings. As part of a study conducted to explore the quality of preventive care, we investigated general practitioners’ (GP...
Authors: Paul Sebo, Hubert Maisonneuve, Jean-Pascal Fournier, Nicolas Senn and Dagmar M. Haller
The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) is an effective lifestyle intervention to reduce incidence of type 2 diabetes. However, there are gaps in knowledge about how to implement DPP. The aim of this study was t...
Authors: Laura J. Damschroder, Caitlin M. Reardon, Mona AuYoung, Tannaz Moin, Santanu K. Datta, Jordan B. Sparks, Matthew L. Maciejewski, Nanette I. Steinle, Jane E. Weinreb, Maria Hughes, Lillian F. Pinault, Xinran M. Xiang, Charles Billington and Caroline R. Richardson
Some outcomes for children with mental health problems remain suboptimal because of poor access to care and the failure of systems and providers to adopt established quality improvement strategies and interven...
Authors: Valerie L. Forman-Hoffman, Jennifer Cook Middleton, Joni L. McKeeman, Leyla F. Stambaugh, Robert B. Christian, Bradley N. Gaynes, Heather Lynne Kane, Leila C. Kahwati, Kathleen N. Lohr and Meera Viswanathan
While some research training programs have considered the importance of mentoring in inspiring professionals to engage in translational research, most evaluations emphasize outcomes specific to academic produc...
Authors: Julie A. Baldwin, Heather J. Williamson, Emery R. Eaves, Bruce L. Levin, Donna L. Burton and Oliver T. Massey
Improving mechanisms for knowledge translation (KT) and connecting decision-makers to each other and the information and evidence they consider relevant to their work remains a priority for public health. Virt...
Authors: Ruth Ponsford, Jennifer Ford, Helena Korjonen, Emma Hughes, Asha Keswani, Triantafyllos Pliakas and Matt Egan
Quality improvement is a recommended strategy to improve implementation levels for evidence-based essential interventions, but experience of and evidence for its effects in low-resource settings are limited. W...
Authors: P Waiswa, F Manzi, G Mbaruku, A. K. Rowe, M Marx, G Tomson, T Marchant, B. A. Willey, J Schellenberg, S Peterson and C Hanson
