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  1. Most quality improvement programs in diabetes care incorporate aspects of clinician education, performance feedback, patient education, care management, and diabetes care teams to support primary care physicia...

    Authors: Liesbeth Borgermans, Geert Goderis, Carine Van Den Broeke, Chantal Mathieu, Bert Aertgeerts, Geert Verbeke, An Carbonez, Anna Ivanova, Richard Grol and Jan Heyrman
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:42
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  2. There is an emerging knowledge base on the effectiveness of strategies to close the knowledge-practice gap. However, less is known about how attributes of an innovation and other contextual and situational fac...

    Authors: Shannon D Scott, Ronald C Plotnikoff, Nandini Karunamuni, Raphaël Bize and Wendy Rodgers
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:41
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Few individuals with depression treated in the primary care setting receive care consistent with clinical treatment guidelines. Interventions based on the chronic care model (CCM) have been promoted to address...

    Authors: Rachel Mosher Henke, Ann F Chou, Johann C Chanin, Amanda B Zides and Sarah Hudson Scholle
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:40
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. In the past two decades, scientific publications in Iran have considerably increased their medical science content, and the number of articles published in ISI journals has doubled between 1997 and 2001. The a...

    Authors: Saharnaz Nedjat, Reza Majdzadeh, Jaleh Gholami, Sima Nedjat, Katayoun Maleki, Mostafa Qorbani, Mostafa Shokoohi and Mahnaz Ashoorkhani
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:39
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Evidence shows that the standard process for obtaining informed consent in clinical trials can be inadequate, with study participants frequently not understanding even basic information fundamental to giving i...

    Authors: Jamie C Brehaut, Alison Lott, Dean A Fergusson, Kaveh G Shojania, Jonathan Kimmelman and Raphael Saginur
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:38
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  6. In an effort to ensure that all physicians have access to valid and reliable evidence on drug effectiveness, the Italian Drug Agency sponsored a free-access e-learning system, based on Clinical Evidence, called E...

    Authors: Lorenzo Moja, Ivan Moschetti, Michela Cinquini, Valeria Sala, Anna Compagnoni, Piergiorgio Duca, Christian Deligant, Roberto Manfrini, Luca Clivio, Roberto Satolli, Antonio Addis, Jeremy M Grimshaw, Pietro Dri and Alessandro Liberati
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:37
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  7. There is an important gap between the implications of clinical research evidence and the routine clinical practice of healthcare professionals. Because individual decisions are often central to adoption of a c...

    Authors: Gaston Godin, Ariane Bélanger-Gravel, Martin Eccles and Jeremy Grimshaw
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:36
    Content type: Systematic Review Published on:

  8. The development and implementation of an evidence-based approach to health workforce planning is a necessary step to achieve access to best practice chronic disease management. In its absence, the widely repor...

    Authors: Leonie Segal, Kim Dalziel and Tom Bolton
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:35
    Content type: Debate Published on:

  9. Incorporating shared medical appointments (SMAs) or group visits into clinical practice to improve care and increase efficiency has become a popular intervention, but the processes to implement and sustain the...

    Authors: Susan R Kirsh, Renée H Lawrence and David C Aron
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:34
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Implementing clinical training in a complex health care system is challenging. This report describes two successive trainings programs in one Veterans Affairs healthcare network and the lessons we drew from th...

    Authors: Greer Sullivan, Dean Blevins and Michael R Kauth
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:33
    Content type: Debate Published on:

  11. We sought to determine whether a multi-modal intervention, which included mailing a patient reminder with a colon cancer decision aid to patients and system changes allowing direct access to scheduling screeni...

    Authors: Carmen L Lewis, Alison T Brenner, Jennifer M Griffith and Michael P Pignone
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:32
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Organizational context plays a central role in shaping the use of research by healthcare professionals. The largest group of professionals employed in healthcare organizations is nurses, putting them in a posi...

    Authors: Carole A Estabrooks, Shannon Scott, Janet E Squires, Bonnie Stevens, Linda O'Brien-Pallas, Judy Watt-Watson, Joanne Profetto-McGrath, Kathy McGilton, Karen Golden-Biddle, Janice Lander, Gail Donner, Geertje Boschma, Charles K Humphrey and Jack Williams
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:31
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. The continuing gap between available evidence and current practice in health care reinforces the need for more effective solutions, in particular related to organizational context. Considerable advances have b...

    Authors: Cheryl B Stetler, Lynn McQueen, John Demakis and Brian S Mittman
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:30
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  15. Ischemic heart disease (IHD) affects at least 150,000 veterans annually in the United States. Lowering serum cholesterol has been shown to reduce coronary events, cardiac death, and total mortality among high ...

    Authors: Anne Sales, Christian Helfrich, P Michael Ho, Ashley Hedeen, Mary E Plomondon, Yu-Fang Li, Alison Connors and John S Rumsfeld
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:28
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. The persistent gap between research and practice compromises the impact of multi-level and multi-strategy community health interventions. Part of the problem is a limited understanding of how and why intervent...

    Authors: Barbara L Riley, JoAnne MacDonald, Omaima Mansi, Anita Kothari, Donna Kurtz, Linda I vonTettenborn and Nancy C Edwards
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:27
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. One strategy to enhance research use and change current practice is to identify barriers and then implement tailored interventions to reduce these barriers. In nursing, the BARRIERS scale has been frequently u...

    Authors: Anne-Marie Boström, Kerstin Nilsson Kajermo, Gun Nordström and Lars Wallin
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:24
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. How humans think and make decisions is important in understanding behaviour. Hence an understanding of cognitive processes among physicians may inform our understanding of behaviour in relation to evidence imp...

    Authors: Ruth M Sladek, Malcolm J Bond, Luan T Huynh, Derek PB Chew and Paddy A Phillips
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:23
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Implementation of research into practice in health care systems is a challenging and often unsuccessful endeavor. The United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (...

    Authors: Carolyn M Wallace and Marcia W Legro
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:22
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. As more quality improvement programs are implemented to achieve gains in performance, the need to evaluate their lasting effects has become increasingly evident. However, such long-term follow-up evaluations a...

    Authors: Candice C Bowman, Elisa J Sobo, Steven M Asch and Allen L Gifford
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:21
    Content type: Debate Published on:

  23. The United States (U.S.) Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI) has implemented economic analyses in single-site and multi-site clinical trials. To date, no one has...

    Authors: Mark W Smith and Paul G Barnett
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:20
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Children with emotional and behavioural disorders should be able to count on receiving care that meets their needs and is based on the best scientific evidence available, however, many do not receive these ser...

    Authors: Melanie A Barwick, Katherine M Boydell, Elaine Stasiulis, H Bruce Ferguson, Karen Blase and Dean Fixsen
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:19
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Despite being a critical part of improving healthcare quality, little is known about how best to move important research findings into clinical practice. To address this issue, the Department of Veterans Affai...

    Authors: Sarah L Krein, Steven J Bernstein, Carol E Fletcher, Fatima Makki, Caroline L Goldzweig, Brook Watts, Sandeep Vijan and Rodney A Hayward
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:18
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. This article describes the process used by the authors in developing an implementation intervention to assist VA substance use disorder clinics in adopting guideline-based practices for treating depression. Th...

    Authors: Geoffrey M Curran, Snigda Mukherjee, Elise Allee and Richard R Owen
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:17
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  27. We describe how we used the framework of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI) to develop a program to improve rates of diagnostic testing for the Human I...

    Authors: Matthew B Goetz, Candice Bowman, Tuyen Hoang, Henry Anaya, Teresa Osborn, Allen L Gifford and Steven M Asch
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:16
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Most patients with type 2 diabetes have suboptimal control of their glucose, blood pressure (BP), and lipids – three risk factors for diabetes complications. Although the chronic care model (CCM) provides a ro...

    Authors: Michael L Parchman, Jacqueline A Pugh, Steven D Culler, Polly H Noel, Nedal H Arar, Raquel L Romero and Raymond F Palmer
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:15
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  30. It is generally acknowledged that a disparity between knowledge and its implementation is adversely affecting quality of care. An example commonly cited is the failure of clinicians to follow clinical guidelin...

    Authors: Paul R Falzer, Brent A Moore and D Melissa Garman
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:13
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  31. The recent development and publication of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for acute low back pain (LBP) has resulted in evidence-based recommendations that, if implemented, have the potentia...

    Authors: Duncan Mortimer, Simon D French, Joanne E McKenzie, Denise A O'Connor and Sally E Green
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:12
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  32. Evidence generated from reliable research is not frequently implemented into clinical practice. Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines are a potential vehicle to achieve this. A recent systematic review o...

    Authors: Joanne E McKenzie, Simon D French, Denise A O'Connor, Jeremy M Grimshaw, Duncan Mortimer, Susan Michie, Jill Francis, Neil Spike, Peter Schattner, Peter M Kent, Rachelle Buchbinder and Sally E Green
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:11
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  33. Human Subjects protections approaches, specifically those relating to research review board oversight, vary throughout the world. While all are designed to protect participants involved in research, the struct...

    Authors: Edmund Chaney, Laura G Rabuck, Jane Uman, Deborah C Mittman, Carol Simons, Barbara F Simon, Mona Ritchie, Marisue Cody and Lisa V Rubenstein
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:10
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. This paper presents a case study that demonstrates the evolution of a project entitled "Enhancing QUality-of-care In Psychosis" (EQUIP) that began approximately when the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs' Qu...

    Authors: Alison H Brown, Amy N Cohen, Matthew J Chinman, Christopher Kessler and Alexander S Young
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:9
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Continuing challenges to timely adoption of evidence-based clinical practices in healthcare have generated intense interest in the development and application of new implementation methods and frameworks. Thes...

    Authors: Cheryl B Stetler, Brian S Mittman and Joseph Francis
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:8
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  36. Implementation of guidelines in clinical practice is difficult. In 2003, the German College of General Practitioners and Family Physicians (DEGAM) released an evidence-based guideline for the management of low...

    Authors: Jean-François Chenot, Martin Scherer, Annette Becker, Norbert Donner-Banzhoff, Erika Baum, Corinna Leonhardt, Stefan Keller, Michael Pfingsten, Jan Hildebrandt, Heinz-Dieter Basler and Michael M Kochen
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:7
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Visit preparation interventions help patients prepare to meet with a medical provider. Systematic reviews have found some positive effects, but there are no reports describing implementation experiences. Consu...

    Authors: Jeffrey Belkora, Brian Edlow, Caryn Aviv, Karen Sepucha and Laura Esserman
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:6
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Widespread replication of effective prevention programs is unlikely to affect the incidence of adolescent delinquency, violent crime, and substance use until the quality of implementation of these programs by ...

    Authors: Sharon F Mihalic, Abigail A Fagan and Susanne Argamaso
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:5
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Local Ontario Early Years Centres (OEYCs) collect timely and relevant local data, but knowledge translation is needed for the data to be useful. Maps represent an ideal tool to interpret local data. While geog...

    Authors: Anita Kothari, S Michelle Driedger, Julia Bickford, Jason Morrison, Michael Sawada, Ian D Graham and Eric Crighton
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:4
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Implementing change in primary care is difficult, and little practical guidance is available to assist small primary care practices. Methods to structure care and develop new roles are often needed to implemen...

    Authors: Lynne S Nemeth, Chris Feifer, Gail W Stuart and Steven M Ornstein
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:3
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. There is considerable interest today in shared decision-making (SDM), defined as a decision-making process jointly shared by patients and their health care provider. However, the data show that SDM has not bee...

    Authors: France Légaré, Glyn Elwyn, Martin Fishbein, Pierre Frémont, Dominick Frosch, Marie-Pierre Gagnon, David A Kenny, Michel Labrecque, Dawn Stacey, Sylvie St-Jacques and Trudy van der Weijden
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:2
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  42. The PARiHS framework (Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services) has proved to be a useful practical and conceptual heuristic for many researchers and practitioners in framing their resear...

    Authors: Alison L Kitson, Jo Rycroft-Malone, Gill Harvey, Brendan McCormack, Kate Seers and Angie Titchen
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:1
    Content type: Debate Published on:

  44. African American and Hispanic women, such as those living in the northern Manhattan and the South Bronx neighborhoods of New York City, are generally underserved with regard to breast cancer prevention and scr...

    Authors: Sherri Sheinfeld Gorin, Alfred R Ashford, Rafael Lantigua, Manisha Desai, Andrea Troxel and Donald Gemson
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:43
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  45. We describe the use of a conceptual framework and implementation protocol to prepare effective health services interventions for implementation in community-based (i.e., non-academic-affiliated) settings.

    Authors: Amy M Kilbourne, Mary S Neumann, Harold A Pincus, Mark S Bauer and Ronald Stall
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:42
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  46. Reviews of guideline implementation recommend matching strategies to the specific setting, but provide little specific guidance about how to do so. We hypothesized that the highest level of guideline-concordan...

    Authors: Lee A Green, Leon Wyszewianski, Julie C Lowery, Christine P Kowalski and Sarah L Krein
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:41
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Implementation fidelity refers to the degree to which an intervention or programme is delivered as intended. Only by understanding and measuring whether an intervention has been implemented with fidelity can r...

    Authors: Christopher Carroll, Malcolm Patterson, Stephen Wood, Andrew Booth, Jo Rick and Shashi Balain
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:40
    Content type: Debate Published on:

  48. A challenge for implementation researchers is to develop principles that could generate testable hypotheses that apply across a range of clinical contexts, thus leading to generalisability of findings. Such pr...

    Authors: Jillian J Francis, Jeremy M Grimshaw, Merrick Zwarenstein, Martin P Eccles, Susan Shiller, Gaston Godin, Marie Johnston, Keith O'Rourke, Justin Presseau and Jacqueline Tetroe
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:39
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  49. Randomised controlled trials of implementation strategies tell us whether (or not) an intervention results in changes in professional behaviour but little about the causal mechanisms that produce any change. T...

    Authors: Jeremy M Grimshaw, Merrick Zwarenstein, Jacqueline M Tetroe, Gaston Godin, Ian D Graham, Louise Lemyre, Martin P Eccles, Marie Johnston, Jillian J Francis, Jan Hux, Keith O'Rourke, France Légaré and Justin Presseau
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:38
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  50. There are gaps between what family practitioners do in clinical practice and the evidence-based ideal. The most commonly used strategy to narrow these gaps is the printed educational message (PEM); however, th...

    Authors: Merrick Zwarenstein, Janet E Hux, Diane Kelsall, Michael Paterson, Jeremy Grimshaw, Dave Davis, Andreas Laupacis, Michael Evans, Peter C Austin, Pamela M Slaughter, Susan K Shiller, Ruth Croxford and Karen Tu
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:37
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:
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Implementation Science

ISSN: 1748-5908