Table 3 Secondary outcomes
Outcome | Measure | Data source | Timepoint(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
Secondary implementation outcomes | |||
Adoption | Self-reported adoption of overdose prevention practices | Building self-assessment surveysa | Before first intervention wave, then as each of the 4 waves ends (5 timepoints) |
Acceptability | Acceptability of intervention measure [49] | Staff surveys | 5 timepoints as above |
Appropriateness | Intervention appropriateness measure [49] | Staff surveys | 5 timepoints as above |
Feasibility | Feasibility of intervention measure [49] | Staff surveys | 5 timepoints as above |
Organizational priority | Adapted from Klein, et al. [50] | Staff surveys | 5 timepoints as above |
Sustainment | Fidelity checklist (see “Primary outcome” section) | Two blinded raters | 8th month after end of each intervention waveb |
Secondary effectiveness outcomes | |||
Staff knowledge about OD risk | Brief Opioid Overdose Knowledge (BOOK) Survey [51] | Staff surveys | 5 timepoints as above |
Staff stigma | Perceived Stigma Toward Substance Users Scale [52] | Staff surveys | 5 timepoints as above |
Tenant substance use emergency department (ED) visits | Visit diagnosis ICD-10 codes including poisoning, abuse, or dependence for alcohol or any drug (AHRQ HCUP classification list) [53]. Exploratory analyses will examine visits with specific diagnosis of poisoning (OD) | Medicaid data | 5 timepoints as above plus 6th timepoint 6 months later |
Tenant medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) receipt | Tenant receipt of MOUD, MOUD initiation (new pharmacy claims) and adherence [54, 55] | Medicaid data | 6 timepoints as above |
Tenant specialty SUD treatment | Outpatient, inpatient, detoxification | Medicaid data | 6 timepoints as above |