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Table 3 Patient and procedure details

From: Scaling up Quality Improvement for Surgical Teams (QIST)—avoiding surgical site infection and anaemia at the time of surgery: a cluster randomised controlled trial of the effectiveness of quality improvement collaboratives to introduce change in the NHS

 

Anaemia (n = 6324)

Infection (n = 12,930)

Total (n = 19,254)

Age, years

 Mean (SD)

69.7 (9.9)

68.9 (10.8)

69.2 (10.5)

Sex, n(%)

 Male

2604 (41.2)

5297 (41.0)

7901 (41.0)

 Female

3720 (58.8)

7633 (59.0)

11,353 (59.0)

Procedure type, n(%)

 Hip

3181 (50.3)

6238 (48.2)

9419 (48.9)

 Knee

3143 (49.7)

6692 (51.8)

9835 (51.1)

Comorbidities

n= 6138

n= 12295

n= 18433

 Hypertension

3213 (52.3)

6080 (49.5)

9293 (50.4)

 Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

780 (12.7)

1638 (13.3)

2418 (13.1)

 Chronic ischaemic heart disease

595 (9.7)

1139 (9.3)

1734 (9.4)

 Hypothyroidism

596 (9.7)

1105 (9.0)

1701 (9.2)

 Atrial fibrillation

517 (8.4)

866 (7.0)

1383 (7.5)

 History of circulatory disease

434 (7.1)

938 (7.6)

1372 (7.4)

 COPD

397 (6.5)

694 (5.6)

1091 (5.9)

 Rheumatoid arthritis

197 (3.2)

435 (3.5)

632 (3.4)

 Alzheimer’s disease

17 (0.3)

43 (0.3)

60 (0.3)

 Hyperthyroidism

23 (0.4)

34 (0.3)

57 (0.3)

 Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

12 (0.2)

35 (0.3)

47 (0.3)

 Dementia

16 (0.3)

21 (0.2)

37 (0.2)

 Obesity

1479 (24.1)

2292 (23.1)

3771 (23.5)

 Hypercholesterolemia

609 (9.9)

1062 (10.7)

1671 (10.4)

 Smoking

327 (5.3)

632 (6.4)

959 (6.0)

 Low sodium

106 (1.7)

193 (1.9)

299 (1.9)

 Psoriatic arthritis

18 (0.3)

52 (0.5)

70 (0.4)