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Table 3 Effectiveness outcomes and measures of adverse consequences

From: Implementing nudges to promote utilization of low tidal volume ventilation (INPUT): a stepped-wedge, hybrid type III trial of strategies to improve evidence-based mechanical ventilation management

Outcome category

Outcome measure

Definition

Effectiveness

In-hospital mortality

Vital status at hospital discharge

Discharge disposition

Binary variable for whether or not the patient was discharged to home

Duration of MV

Total number of hours from trial enrollment to extubation for at least 24 h

ICU length of stay

Total number of days from trial enrollment to discharge from study ICU

Hospital length of stay

Total number of days from trial enrollment to discharge from hospital

Adverse consequences

Life-threatening acidemia

Arterial or venous blood gas during MV with a pH of less than 7.10

Cumulative doses of sedative medications

Total doses of benzodiazepines, narcotics, or Propofol administered during MV as continuous infusions or bolus doses, calculated using dose equivalents in each class

Days with acute brain dysfunction

Total number of days from the time of enrollment until hospital discharge with at least one of the following: a positive delirium screen using the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU) or a Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) score less than or equal to − 4