Table 4 Frequency of Mazza taxonomy strategies used in included studies

Professional

1.1 Identify barriers

Identify barriers to guideline implementation

5

1.2 Distribute guideline

Distribute guideline materials

10

1.3 Advertise guideline

Advertise guideline materials

4

1.4 Present guideline

Present guideline materials at meetings

2

1.5 Educate individual

Educate individual HCPs about the intent and benefit of complying with a guideline

10

1.6 Educate group

Educate groups of HCPs about the intent and benefit of complying with a guideline

16

1.7 Recruit opinion leader

Recruit an opinion leader who recommends the implementation of a guideline

6

1.8 Achieve consensus

Achieve consensus among HCPs that the guideline is appropriate for implementation

3

1.9 Provide reminders

Provide reminders to individual HCPs or groups about the intent and benefit of complying with a guideline

10

1.10 Provide alerts

Provide alerts to individual HCPs or groups when clinical practice deviates from a guideline

2

1.11 Feedback guideline compliance

Feedback guideline compliance data and information to individual HCPs or groups to improve compliance

11

1.12 Feedback about patients

Feedback data and information about patients to individual HCPs or groups to improve compliance

10

1.13 Feedback from patients

Feedback data and information from patients to individual HCPs or groups to improve compliance

1

1.14 Feedback from HCPs

Feedback information from HCPs to individuals or groups to improve compliance

2

1.15 Other

4

Total =

96

Financial

2.1 Health care professionals

2.1.1 Incentive to HCP

Incentive applicable to a HCP

2.1.2 Incentive to institution

Incentive applicable available to the institution

1

2.1.3 Grant to HCP

Grant or allowance provided to a HCP

2.1.4 Grant to institution

Grant or allowance provided to the institution

2.1.5 Penalty to HCP

Penalty applicable to a HCP

2.1.6 Penalty to institution

Penalty applicable to the institution

2.1.7 Change in reimbursement

Change in reimbursement

2.1.8 Other

2.2 Patients

2.2.1 Incentive to patient

Incentive applicable to a patient

2.2.2 Grant to patient

Grant or allowance provided to a patient

2.2.3 Penalty to patient

Penalty applicable to a patient

2.2.4 Other

Total =

1

Organizational

3.1 Health care professionals

3.1.1 Additional human resources

Additional human resources provided for implementation

2

3.1.2 Reallocated roles

Reallocated roles to assist implementation

2

3.1.3 Implementation team

Creation of an implementation team

1

3.1.4 Communication between health professionals

Communication between distant health professionals

3.1.5 HCP satisfaction

Improved HCP satisfaction

3.1.6 Other

2

3.2 Patients

3.2.1 Participation in governance

Consumer participation in governance

3.2.2 Consumer feedback

Consumer feedback, suggestions and complaints

3.2.3 Other

3.3 Structural

3.3.1 Change in organizational structure

Change in organizational structure

3.3.2 Change to setting

Change to the setting or site of service delivery

3.3.3 Change in physical structure

Change in the physical structure, facilities or equipment of a service

3.3.4 Change in technology

Change in information and communication technology

4

3.3.5 Change in quality assurance

Change in quality assurance, quality improvement and/or performance measurement systems

2

3.3.6 Change in delivery

Change in the method of service delivery

3.3.7 Integration of services

Change in the integration of services

3.3.8 Risk management

Change in risk management provisions

3.3.9 Other

Total =

13

Regulatory

4.1 Change in legislation

Change in legislation or regulation

1

4.2 Change in ownership

Change in the ownership or affiliation

4.3 Change in licensing

Change in licensing, credentialing or accreditation of the health service and its elements

4.4 Other

Total =

1