Table 1 Type A and type B facilitation interventions

 1. IFs, meeting the essential facilitation criteria, can be recruited in long-term nursing care settings

 2. IFs can be prepared, through an EF-led residential programme, with a set of capabilities to get started in the facilitation role at a local level

3-day preparation focused on improvement tools and methods, audit and feedback, stakeholder mapping and context assessment and skills in facilitating change.

5-day preparation focused on agreeing ethical processes, stakeholder analysis and engagement in development and inquiry, person-centredness, values clarification, developing a shared vision, workplace culture analysis, developing shared ownership, reflective, active learning, high challenge/high support, 360^o feedback, patient/staff stories, observation of care, process and outcome evaluation, facilitation of transitions and use of creative imagination and expression.

 3. IFs are able to apply skills, knowledge and tools of facilitation at a local level including building consensus around the evidence and addressing contextual barriers/issues

Establishment of agreed goals for implementation; audit tool and structured implementation plan for the 12-month period

IFs set up a local implementation team and work on the activities agreed at the residential programme (e.g. stakeholder engagement, baseline audit, action cycles, etc.).

Exploring the inter-relationship between getting evidence into practice, developing practice, context, culture, evaluation and skilled facilitation, through learning how to engage in co-learning activities with key stakeholders in the organisation in order to build capacity for the delivery of effective evidence-based and person-centred care.

IFs set up a local practice development group with whom they engage in co-learning activities experienced during the residential programme (e.g. values clarification, developing a shared vision for evidence-based and person-centred continence care, developing practice, stakeholder engagement and participatory evaluation).

 4. Monthly teleconference meetings with the EFs will provide support and mentorship to the IFs and help create a peer support network

12 structured 1 -h meetings based around the agreed implementation plan.

Minutes circulated after meeting with EFs reflections for discussion at next meeting.

16 structured 3-h facilitated conversations based on the learning needs of the participants as they progressed their implementation work. A narrative of the conversation was recorded and circulated to participants afterwards. Actions to progress implementation activities were noted/highlighted.

 5. IFs, working with their buddy and local implementation team, and with the support of managers and leaders, will enable colleagues to implement the four evidence-based recommendations and embed improvements in care

IFs and local colleagues work systematically through the agreed 12-month implementation plan to audit, implement improvement and re-audit practice against the four guideline recommendations.

IFs, their buddy and the local practice development group systematically work through the stages of implementation and practice development relevant to their local context, informed by co-learning, critical reflection and ongoing participatory evaluation of culture and context.