Table 4 Novice, experienced and expert facilitators (adapted from [62])
Experience | Focus of facilitation |
|---|---|
Novice facilitator | Working under the supervision of an experienced facilitator Focus on: What an innovation is; what evidence informs the innovation and how to assess and apply it Readiness to change at a local level What motivates individuals and teams and how teams work effectively What context is; what impact context has on implementation at a local and organisational level Identifying and engaging key stakeholders Planning, implementing, measuring and embedding change |
Experienced facilitator | Working under the supervision of an expert facilitator Focus on: In depth understanding and knowledge of the organisation or organisations they are working with Awareness of competing tensions and how to manage these in relation to implementing innovation and change In depth understanding of individual and team motivation, team dynamics and productivity Experienced and knowledgeable in local context evaluation Able to assess system-wide activities and influence actions Aware of wider contextual issues and confident in terms of negotiating boundaries and political tensions |
Expert facilitator | Expert facilitator operating as a guide and mentor to other facilitators Focus on: Coordinating and supporting networks of experienced and novice facilitators Working with health systems to improve implementation success Working across academic, service and other organisational boundaries to integrate facilitation and research activity Developing and testing theories of implementation, innovation and facilitation Evaluating implementation and facilitation interventions to generate newer knowledge Refining and improving learning materials and mentoring processes Running workshops and advanced master classes on facilitation approaches |