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Table 2 Results from Rounds 1 and 2 of the modified Delphi process

From: A refined compilation of implementation strategies: results from the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) project

Suggested changes to strategy terms and/or definitions

Round 1

Round 2

Develop a formal implementation blueprint

2 alt

3 alt

Tailor strategies [to overcome barriers and honor preferences]

1 alt

-----

Identify and prepare champions

1 alt

-----

Involve patients/consumers and family members

1 alt

-----

Provide ongoing consultation

1 alt

-----

Shadow other clinicians

2 alt

3 alt

Change physical structure and equipment

1 alt

3 alt

Facilitate relay of clinical data to providers

1 alt

2 alt

Use advisory boards and work groups

1 alt

4 alt

Purposefully reexamine the implementation

1 alt

3 alt

Promote adaptability

New

1 alt

External facilitation

New

2 alt

Identify early adopters

New

1 alt

Promote network weaving

New

-----

Provide local technical assistance

New

-----

Assess for readiness and identify barriers and facilitators

Concerns

1 alt

Stage implementation scale-up

Concerns

-----

Model and simulate change

Concerns

2 alt

Mandate change

Concerns

1 alt

Develop effective educational materials

Concerns

-----

Develop an implementation glossary [a glossary of implementation]

Concerns

1 alt

Conduct ongoing training

Concerns

-----

Make training dynamic

Concerns

-----

Conduct educational outreach visits

Concerns

-----

Use mass media

Concerns

-----

Prepare patients/consumers to be active participants

Concerns

-----

Develop disincentives [penalize]

Concerns

1 alt

Create new clinical teams

Concerns

-----

Start a dissemination [purveyor] organization

Concerns

1 alt

Develop tools for quality monitoring

Concerns

-----

Audit and provide feedback

Concerns

-----

Use data warehousing techniques

Concerns

-----

Use an improvement/implementation advisor

Concerns

-----

Change accreditation or membership requirements

Concerns

-----

Use data experts

-----

1 alt

Use capitated payments

-----

1 alt

Organize clinician implementation team meetings

-----

1 alt

Intervene with patients/consumers to enhance uptake and adherence

-----

1 alt

Create a learning collaborative

-----

1 alt

  1. Brackets represent elements of the strategies that have been deleted based on feedback in Rounds 1 and 2. Italicized elements were consensus modifications for the strategy.
  2. Alt alternative definitions suggested.