Table 2 Characteristics of included studies in chronological order
From: The BARRIERS scale -- the barriers to research utilization scale: A systematic review
Authors and year | Country | Setting/speciality | Sample | Quality | Sample size/(response rate %) | No opinion reported |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Funk et al. 1991 | USA | Mixed | Clinical nurses | moderate | 924/(40) | No |
Barta 1992, 1995 | USA | Mixed/Paediatric care | Educators | moderate | 213/(52) | No |
Shaffer 1994 | USA | Hospitals/Critical care | RN | moderate | 336/(42) | No |
Funk et al. 1995 | USA | Mixed | Clinical administrators | moderate | 440/(40) | No |
Bobo 1997 | USA | Hospital | RN | weak | 40/(-) | No |
Carroll et al. 1997 | USA | Hospital and faculty | RN, advanced practice nurses, educators | weak | 356/(30) | Yes |
Dunn et al. 1997 | UK | Palliative, elderly care | CNS, nurses | moderate | 316/(-) | Yes |
Grap et al. 1997 | USA | Hospitals/Critical care | Staff nurses, managers, educators | moderate | 353/(35.3) | No |
Greene 1997 | USA | Office practices | Oncology nurses | moderate | 359/(36) | Yes |
Lynn and Moore 1997 | USA | Hospitals | Nurse managers | weak | 40/(51) | No |
Walsh 1997 | UK | Hospitals/Emergency and Acute care | RN | weak | 124/(62) | No |
Walsh 1997 | UK | Hospitals, community | RN | weak | 141/(76.2) | No |
Walsh 1997 | UK | Community | RN | weak | 58/(71) | No |
Lewis et al. 1998 | USA | Mixed/Nephrology | Nurses | weak | 498/(34) | No |
Nilsson Kajermo et al. 1998 | Sweden | Hospitals | RN | moderate | 237/(70) | Yes |
^Nolan et al. 1998 | UK | Hospitals | Nursing staff | weak | 382/(27) | No |
Rutledge et al. 1998 | USA | Mixed/Oncology | Staff nurses, managers, CNS | strong | 1100/(38) 407/(38) | Yes |
Retsas and Nolan 1999 | Australia | Hospitals | RN | weak | 149/(25) | No |
*Closs et al. 2000 | UK | Hospitals | Nurses | moderate | 712/(36) 530/(35.4) 182/(37.3) | No |
Nilsson Kajermo et al. 2000 | Sweden | Hospitals and faculty | Educators, students, administrators | moderate | 36/(82) 166/(81) 33/(81) | Yes |
†Parahoo 2000 | Northern Ireland | Hospitals (general, psych and disability) | Staff nurses, specialist nurses, managers | moderate | 1368/(52.6) | Yes |
Retsas 2000 | Australia | Hospital | RN | weak | 400/(50) | No |
*Closs and Bryar 2001 Factor analysis | UK | Hospitals, community, health authority | Nurses | moderate | 2009/(44.6) | Yes |
*Griffiths et al. 2001 | UK | Community | Nurses | moderate | 1297/(51.5) | No |
Johnson and Maikler 2001 | USA | Hospitals/Neonatal intensive care unit | Neonatal nurses | moderate | 132/(17.6) | No |
^Marsh et al. 2001 | UK | Hospitals (1+2) | Qualified nursing staff | moderate | 382/(27) 549/(36.4) | No |
†Parahoo and McCaughan 2001 | UK | Hospitals/Medical and surgical care | Nurses | weak | Med 210/(-) Surg 269/(-) | No |
Oranta et al. 2002 | Finland | Hospitals | RN | moderate | 253/(80) | Yes |
*Bryar et al. 2003 | UK | Hospitals, community, health authority | Nurses | moderate | 2009/(44.6) | No |
Kuuppelomäki and Toumi 2003 | Finland | Hospitals, community | RN | moderate | 400/(67) | Yes |
McCleary and Brown 2003 | Canada | Hospital/Paediatric | Paediatric nurses | moderate | 176/(33.3) | Yes |
Mountcastle 2003 | USA | Mixed | CNS | moderate | 162/(40.5) | Yes |
Sommer 2003 | USA | University hospital | RN | moderate | 255/(27.8) | Yes |
Carolan Doerflinger 2004 | USA | Acute care | Acute care nurse administrators | weak | 86/(9) | Yes |
Carrion et al. 2004 | UK | Mental Health | RN | moderate | 47/(53.4) | Yes |
Glacken and Chaney 2004 | Ireland | Teaching and non- teaching hospitals | RN | weak | 169/(39.6) | No |
Hommelstad and Ruland 2004 | Norway | Hospital/Perioperative | OR Nurses | moderate | 81/(51) | Yes |
Hutchinson and Johnston 2004 | Australia | Teaching hospital | RN | moderate | 317/(45) | Yes |
Kirshbaum et al. 2004 | UK | Mainly hospitals/Breast cancer | Breast cancer nurses | moderate | 263/(76.2) | Yes |
LaPierre et al. 2004 | USA | Hospital/Perianesthesia | Staff nurses | weak | 20/(67) | Yes |
Nilsson Kajermo 2004 | Sweden | Mixed | RN/Midwives educators administrators | moderate | 1634/(51-82) | Yes |
Patiraki et al. 2004 | Greece | General and oncology hospitals | Nurses | moderate | 301/(72) | Yes |
Ashley 2005 | USA | Hospitals/Critical care | Critical care nurses | moderate | 511/(17) | No |
Baernholdt 2005, 2007 | Various | Governments | Chief nursing officers | weak | 38/(45) | No |
Brenner 2005 | Ireland | Not reported | Paediatric nurses | moderate | 70/(35) | No |
Fink et al. 2005 | USA | University hospital Magnet hospital | RN | weak | Pre 215/(24) Post 239/(27) | No |
Niederhauser and Kohr 2005 | USA | Paediatric | Paediatric nurse practitioners | strong | 431/(69) | Yes |
Paramonczyk 2005 | Canada | Hospitals | RN (degree) | weak | 25/(-) | No |
Karkos and Peters 2006 | USA | Community hospital (magnet hospital) | Licensed nursing staff | moderate | 275/(47) | Yes |
§Thompson et al. 2006 | China, Hong Kong | Mixed settings | RN | moderate | 1487/(30) | No |
Andersson et al. 2007 | Sweden | University hospitals/Paediatric care | RN, Paediatric nurses | moderate | 56/(92) | Yes |
Andersson et al. 2007 | Sweden | University hospitals/Paediatric care | RN, Trainee programme, specialist education in paediatric nursing Control | moderate | 113/(80) | Yes |
Atkinson and Turkel 2008 | USA | Hospital (magnet hospital) | RN | weak | 249/(23) | No |
Boström et al. 2008 | Sweden | Elder Care | RN | moderate | 140/(67) | Yes |
§Chau et al. 2008 | China, Hong Kong | Mixed settings | RN | moderate | 1487/(30) | yes |
Deichmann Nielsen 2008 | Denmark | Hospital | RN | weak | 18/(81) | no |
Mehrdad et al. 2008 | Iran | Teaching hospitals and Faculty | RN Educators | strong | 375/(-) 35/(70) | yes |
Nilsson Kajermo et al. 2008 | Sweden | University hospital | RN Midwives | moderate | 833/(51) | no |
Oh 2008 | Korea | Teaching hospitals/Intensive and critical care | RN Nurse managers | weak | 63/(-) | no |
Brown et al. 2009 | USA | Academic medical centre | Nurses | moderate | 458/(44.68) | Yes |
Schoonover 2009 | USA | Community hospital | RN | weak | 79/(21) | yes |
Strickland and O'Leary-Kelly 2009 | USA | Mixed/Acute care | Educators | weak | 122/(41) | yes |
Yava et al. 2009 | Turkey | Teaching and Military Hospitals | Nurses | moderate | 631/(66.6) | yes |