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Table 1 Statistics summarising validity of binary (yes/no) measures of behaviour

From: Statistical considerations in a systematic review of proxy measures of clinical behaviour

 

Direct measure

 

Proxy measure:

YES

NO

TOTAL

YES

a

b

a + b

NO

c

d

c + d

TOTAL

a + c

b + d

T = a + b + c + d

  1. The sensitivity of the proxy measures is defined as: a/(a+c); its specificity is as: d/(b+d); its positive predictive value as a/(a+b); and its negative predictive value as d/(c+d).
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Implementation Science

ISSN: 1748-5908