Table 3 Examples of studies reporting follow-up evaluation of implemented interventions
Authors | Design | Intervention | Intervention target | Intervention length | Outcome measured | Post-intervention sustainability period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Knox et al., 2003 [46] | Quasi-experiment, pre-post comparison | Multi-component suicide prevention program | USAF personnel (patient-level) | 1 year | Relative suicide risk factor rates | 1 year |
Harland et al., 1999 [47] | RCT, pre-post comparison | 1–6 motivational interviews, with or without financial incentive | General medicine practice patients (patient-level) | 3 months | Self-reported physical activity | 1 year |
Shye et al., 2004 [48] | Multi-faceted intervention trial, pre-post comparison | (1) Basic strategy: guideline, education, clinical supports (2) Augmented strategy: basic program with social worker added | HMO PCPs (provider-level) | 10 months | Rates of female patients who asked about domestic violence | 3 months |
Sanci et al., 2000, 2005 [49,50] | RCT, pre-post comparison | Multi-faceted adolescent health education program | General medicine practice physicians (provider-level) | 3 months | Observer ratings of skills, self-perceived competency, tested knowledge | 4 months, 10 months, 5 years |
Perlstein et al., 2000 [51] | Pre-post comparison | Implemented bronchiolitis care guideline | Pediatricians who cared for infants 0–1 year hospitalized with bronchiolitis (provider-level) | -- | Patient volumes, length of stay, use of ancillary resources | 3 years |
Brand et al., 2005 [52] | Program evaluation | COPD management guideline | Hospital physicians (provider-level) | -- | Guideline concordance, attitudes and barriers to guidelines, access to available guidelines | 2 years |
Morgenstern et al., 2003 [53] | Quasi-experiment, pre-post comparison | Multi-component acute stroke treatment education program | Community laypersons (patient-level); Community- and ED-based physicians and EMS responders (provider-level); Stroke care policies (organization-level) | 15 months | Number of acute stroke patients who received intravenous tissue plasminogen activator | 6 months |
Bere et al., 2006 [54] | Controlled trial, pre-post comparison | (1) Fruit and vegetable education program (2) No-cost access to school fruit program | School-age students (patient-level) | 1 year | All-day fruit and vegetable intake | 1 year |
Shepherd et al., 2000 [55] | Systematic review of controlled comparisons with pre-post analysis | Health education interventions that promote sexual risk reduction in women | Sexually active women in any setting, treated by any provider type (patient-level) | Varied from 1 day to 3 years (most lasted 1 to 3 months) | Behavioral outcomes (e.g, condom use, fewer partners, or abstinence, fewer STDs) | Varied from 1 month to 6 months (most were up to 3 months) |