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Table 4 Select resources and key references especially relevant for IS to learn about artificial intelligence

From: Leveraging artificial intelligence to advance implementation science: potential opportunities and cautions

Resource

Description (and costs)

RapidMiner

https://rapidminer.com

A data science platform that aims to simplify AI for users, including those without coding experience

Requires paid subscription, but may be offered through institutional licenses

Tableau

https://www.tableau.com

A data visualization platform that includes native AI software that can be applied to data stored within

Requires paid subscription, but may be offered through institutional licenses

ChatGPT

https://chat.openai.com

An AI-driven chatbot that responds to user prompts. Examples of responses to prompts can include drafts of medical necessity letters, manuscripts, and data visualizations (graphs, tables). There are different versions of ChatGPT and similar tools of varying sophistication and accuracy

Free versions are available

Example Data Science Training Programs:

https://ischoolonline.berkeley.edu/data-science/

https://brownschool.wustl.edu/academics/aibda-certificate/

https://brownschool.wustl.edu/resources-initiatives/advanced-learning-certificate/artificial-intelligence-applications-for-health-data/

https://catalog.ucdenver.edu/cu-anschutz/schools-colleges-programs/graduate-school/graduate-school-certificates/biomedical-data-science-certificate/

Many academic universities offer graduate degrees, certificates, or boot camp-type programs in data science and other areas that provide AI training for diverse audiences

There is a cost

Coursera

https://www.coursera.org/collections/best-machine-learning-ai

Offers many online courses and programs in data science, AI, and different focus areas of AI

There is a cost but may be offered through institutional licenses

You Look Like a Thing and I Love You: How Artificial Intelligence Works and Why It’s Making the World a Weirder Place[116]

A lighthearted easy-to-read book for those with some or no baseline knowledge of AI. The author uses practical examples to illustrate how AI works and its limitations without going into technical details or jargon

There is a cost to purchasing the audio or text

Journal articles providing guidance on NLP for qualitative analysis:

Chang T, DeJonckheere M, Vydiswaran VGV, et al.. Accelerating mixed methods research with natural language processing of big text data. J Mix Methods Res 2021;15:398–412 [117]

Lennon RP, Fraleigh R, Van Scoy LJ, Keshaviah A, Hu XC, Snyder BL, Miller EL, Calo WA, Zgierska AE, Griffin C. Developing and testing an automated qualitative assistant (AQUA) to support qualitative analysis. Fam Med Community Health. 2021 Nov;9(Suppl 1):e001287 [118]

Illustrative examples and recommendations for how NLP can be used for rapid qualitative analysis

There is a cost to some of the papers, but some may be free through institutional licenses or open access

  1. AI artificial intelligence