Table 1 Review terms
Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Evidence-based interventions (EBIs) | Innovations, practices, programs, or policies with proven efficacy and effectiveness [1]. |
Implementation | The process of integrating evidence-based interventions into a specific setting [37]. |
Knowledge translation | “Dynamic and iterative process that includes the synthesis, dissemination, exchange and ethically sound application of knowledge to improve health, provide more effective health services and products and strengthen the health care system.” [5] |
Knowledge translation strategies | Approaches designed to promote the use of EBIs in healthcare practices and policy and to help close research-practice gaps (i.e., what we know versus what we do) [7, 38]. Also known as implementation strategies, implementation interventions, or KT interventions. |
Adoption | “The intention, initial decision, or action to try or employ an innovation or evidence-based practice. Adoption also may be referred to as “uptake.” [39]. |
Sustainment | “The sustained use or delivery of an intervention in practice following cessation of external implementation support.” [40]. |
Sustainability | “Occurs after a defined period of time, the program, clinical intervention, and/or implementation strategies continue to be delivered and/or individual behavior change (i.e., clinician, patient) is maintained; the program and individual behavior change may evolve or adapt while continuing to produce benefits for individuals/systems.” [35] (pg2.). We used the term “sustainability” to refer to both the desired outcome and the characteristics or processes by which the EBI is more likely maintained. |
KT strategy outcomes (defined by Proctor et al. as implementation outcomes) | “The effects of deliberate and purposive actions to implement new treatments, practices, and services [39]. (pg. 65) “They serve as indicators of the implementation success. Second, they are proximal indicators of implementation processes. And third, they are key intermediate outcomes.” [39] |
Sustainability outcomes | “The subsequent impact (healthcare improvement or public health outcomes) of sustained intervention use” [41] |