Table 1 Summary of trial descriptives for all studies and separated by sustainability and spread/scale groupings
| Â | All studies n (%) | Frequent sustainability n (%) | Occasional sustainability n (%) | Frequent spread/scale n (%) | Occasional spread/scale n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total # studies | 161 | 62 | 64 | 51 | 14 |
Country | |||||
 USA | 49 (30%) | 15 (24%) | 24 (38%) | 15 (29%) | 3 (21%) |
 Europe | 40 (25%) | 14 (23%) | 15 (23%) | 5 (10%) | 2 (14%) |
 Canada | 21 (13%) | 8 (13%) | 9 (14%) | 7 (14%) | 4 (29%) |
 Australasia | 16 (10%) | 8 (13%) | 6 (9%) | 8 (16%) | 2 (14%) |
 Asia | 11 (7%) | 5 (8%) | 3 (5%) | 3 (6%) | 1 (7%) |
 UK | 9 (6%) | 7 (11%) | 2 (3%) | 7 (14%) | 0 |
 Africa | 7 (4%) | 4 (6%) | 3 (5%) | 4 (8%) | 1 (7%) |
 South America | 4 (3%) | 0 | 1 (2%) | 2 (4%) | 1 (7%) |
 Middle East | 2 (1%) | 0 | 1 (2%) | 0 | 0 |
 Multi-region | 2 (1%) | 1 (2%) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Design | |||||
 Parallel cluster RCT | 137 (85%) | 50 (81%) | 55 (86%) | 46 (90%) | 11 (79%) |
 Step wedge | 23 (14%) | 11 (18%) | 9 (14%) | 5 (10%) | 3 (21%) |
 Cluster randomized crossover | 1 (1%) | 1 (2%) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Setting | |||||
 Primary care | 74 (46%) | 35 (56%) | 22 (34%) | 26 (51%) | 8 (57%) |
 Hospital inpatient | 45 (28%) | 14 (23%) | 23 (36%) | 11 (22%) | 4 (29%) |
 Other outpatient clinic | 16 (10%) | 7 (11%) | 6 (9%) | 4 (8%) | 0 |
 Community care | 9 (6%) | 4 (6%) | 3 (5%) | 5 (10%) | 1 (7%) |
 Emergency departments | 4 (2%) | 1 (2%) | 2 (3%) | 1 (2%) | 0 |
 Mixed | 7 (4%) | 0 | 5 (8%) | 1 (2%) | 1 (7%) |
 Other | 6 (4%) | 1 (2%) | 3 (5%) | 3 (6%) | 0 |