Table 1 NPT constructs and sub-constructs definitions as described in Bracher et al., Finch et al. and May et al. [34, 37, 38]
Constructs | Coherence | Cognitive Participation | Collective Action | Reflexive Monitoring |
The sense-making process and work that individuals and organisations do when they are faced with the problem of operationalising and routine embedding of a new practice | The relational process and work that individuals and organisations do to enrol, engage and sustain a community of practice around a new practice | The operational work that individuals and organisations do to implement the new practice | The informal and formal appraisal of implementation of a new practice to evaluate its advantages and disadvantages to promote embedding | |
Sub-constructs | Differentiation | Initiation | Interactional Workability | Systematisation |
Participants distinguish the intervention from current ways of working | Key individuals drive the intervention forward | Participants perform the tasks required by the intervention | Participants access information about the effects of the intervention | |
Communal Specification | Enrolment | Relational Integration | Communal Appraisal | |
Participants collectively agree about the purpose of the intervention | Participants agree that the intervention should be part of their work | Participants maintain their trust in each other’s work and expertise through the intervention | Participants collectively assess the intervention as worthwhile | |
Individual Specification | Legitimation | Skill-set Workability | Individual Appraisal | |
Participants individually understand what the intervention requires of them | Participants ‘buy in’ to the intervention | The work of the intervention is appropriately allocated to participants | Participants individually assess the intervention as worthwhile | |
Internalisation | Activation | Contextual Integration | Reconfiguration | |
Participants construct potential value of the intervention for their work | Participants continue to support the intervention | The intervention is adequately supported by its host organisation | Participants modify their work in response to their appraisal of the intervention |