Table 2 Descriptive statistics of implementation strategies

Not matched to ERIC

153 (27.9)

71 (25.2)

82 (30.8)

Adapt and tailor to context

 Promote adaptability

5 (0.9)

4 (1.4)

1 (0.4)

 Tailor strategies

8 (1.5)

4 (1.4)

4 (1.5)

 Use data experts

2 (0.4)

1 (0.4)

1 (0.4)

 Use data warehousing techniques

2 (0.4)

1 (0.4)

1 (0.4)

Change infrastructure

 Change accreditation or membership requirements

2 (0.4)

1 (0.4)

1 (0.4)

 Change liability laws

0

0

0

 Change physical structure and equipment

9 (1.6)

6 (2.1)

3 (1.1)

 Change record systems

4 (0.7)

3 (1.1)

1 (0.4)

 Change service sites

5 (0.9)

4 (1.4)

1 (0.4)

 Create or change credentialing/licensure standards

1 (0.2)

1 (0.4)

0 (0.0)

 Mandate change

3 (0.5)

2 (0.7)

1 (0.4)

 Start a dissemination organization

0

0

0

Develop stakeholder interrelationships

 Build a coalition

12 (2.2)

5 (1.8)

7 (2.6)

 Capture and share local knowledge

7 (1.3)

5 (1.8)

2 (0.8)

 Conduct local consensus discussions

9 (1.6)

3 (1.1)

6 (2.3)

 Develop academic partnerships

6 (1.1)

2 (0.7)

4 (1.5)

 Develop an implementation glossary

1 (0.2)

1 (0.4)

0 (0.0)

 Identify and prepare champions

11 (2.0)

8 (2.8)

3 (1.1)

 Identify early adopters

1 (0.2)

1 (0.4)

0 (0.0)

 Inform local opinion leaders

5 (0.9)

4 (1.4)

1 (0.4)

 Involve executive boards

6 (1.1)

3 (1.1)

3 (1.1)

 Model and simulate change

3 (0.5)

2 (0.7)

1 (0.4)

 Obtain formal commitments

6 (1.1)

3 (1.1)

3 (1.1)

 Organize clinician implementation team meetings

10 (1.8)

6 (2.1)

4 (1.5)

 Promote network weaving

3 (0.5)

0 (0.0)

3 (1.1)

 Recruit, designate, and train for leadership

5 (0.9)

4 (1.4)

1 (0.4)

 Use advisory boards and workgroups

9 (1.6)

5 (1.8)

4 (1.5)

 Use an implementation advisor

2 (0.4)

0 (0.0)

2 (0.8)

 Visit other sites

0

0

0

Engage consumers

 Increase demand

3 (0.5)

2 (0.7)

1 (0.4)

 Intervene with patients/consumers to enhance uptake and adherence

6 (1.1)

6 (2.1)

0 (0.0)

 Involve patients/consumers and family members

3 (0.5)

1 (0.4)

2 (0.8)

 Prepare patients/consumers to be active participants

0

0

0

 Use mass media

3 (0.5)

1 (0.4)

2 (0.8)

Provide interactive assistance

 Centralize technical assistance

4 (0.7)

2 (0.7)

2 (0.8)

 Facilitation

5 (0.9)

2 (0.7)

3 (1.1)

 Provide clinical supervision

4 (0.7)

4 (1.4)

0 (0.0)

 Provide local technical assistance

6 (1.1)

2 (0.7)

4 (1.5)

Support clinicians

 Create new clinical teams

1 (0.2)

1 (0.4)

0 (0.0)

 Develop resource-sharing agreements

1 (0.2)

1 (0.4)

0 (0.0)

 Facilitate relay of clinical data to providers

5 (0.9)

3 (1.1)

2 (0.8)

 Remind clinicians

4 (0.7)

3 (1.1)

1 (0.4)

 Revise professional roles

11 (2.0)

9 (3.2)

2 (0.8)

Train and educate stakeholders

 Conduct educational meetings

16 (2.9)

7 (2.5)

9 (3.4)

 Conduct educational outreach visits

4 (0.7)

1 (0.4)

3 (1.1)

 Conduct ongoing training

8 (1.5)

5 (1.8)

3 (1.1)

 Create a learning collaborative

9 (1.6)

5 (1.8)

4 (1.5)

 Develop educational materials

10 (1.8)

3 (1.1)

7 (2.6)

 Distribute educational materials

5 (0.9)

2 (0.7)

3 (1.1)

 Make training dynamic

6 (1.1)

4 (1.4)

2 (0.8)

 Provide ongoing consultation

8 (1.5)

4 (1.4)

4 (1.5)

 Shadow other experts

2 (0.4)

1 (0.4)

1 (0.4)

 Use train-the-trainer strategies

3 (0.5)

3 (1.1)

0 (0.0)

 Work with educational institutions

1 (0.2)

1 (0.4)

0 (0.0)

Use evaluative and iterative strategies

 Assess for readiness; identify barriers and facilitators

13 (2.4)

5 (1.8)

8 (3.0)

 Audit and provide feedback

15 (2.7)

6 (2.1)

9 (3.4)

 Conduct cyclical small tests of change

8 (1.5)

6 (2.1)

2 (0.8)

 Conduct local needs assessment

11 (2.0)

7 (2.5)

4 (1.5)

 Develop a formal implementation blueprint

11 (2.0)

8 (2.8)

3 (1.1)

 Develop and implement tools for quality monitoring

4 (0.7)

3 (1.1)

1 (0.4)

 Develop and organize quality monitoring systems

8 (1.5)

6 (2.1)

2 (0.8)

 Obtain and use patient/consumer and family feedback

4 (0.7)

3 (1.1)

1 (0.4)

 Purposely reexamine the implementation

5 (0.9)

3 (1.1)

2 (0.8)

 Stage implementation scale-up

3 (0.5)

2 (0.7)

1 (0.4)

Utilize financial strategies

 Access new funding

3 (0.5)

3 (1.1)

0 (0.0)

 Alter incentive/allowance structures

2 (0.9)

1 (0.7)

1 (1.2)

 Alter patient/consumer fees

0

0

0

 Develop disincentives

0

0

0

 Fund and contract for the clinical innovation

1 (0.2)

0 (0.0)

1 (0.4)

 Make billing easier

0

0

0

 Place innovation on fee-for-service lists/formularies

1 (0.2)

1 (0.4)

0 (0.0)

 Use capitated payments

0

0

0

 Use other payment schemes

0

0

0