Table 3 De-implementation total costs and costs per unit, converted by the authors to USD 2021 value (on October 25, 2022)

Alexander et al. (1996) [35]

Rehabilitation

9710^b

Bexell et al. (1996) [36]

Drug treatment

6470^b

Dormuth et al. (2012) [37]

Drug treatment

118,000^b

Gulliford et al. (2019) [38]

Drug treatment, AB

747,000^a

Hemkens et al. (2017) [39]

Drug treatment

330,000^b

Köpke et al. (2012) [40]

Prevention

43,600^b

Ashworth et al. (2021) [41]

Drug treatment

7071^c

10.2–65.2³/doctor

Butler et al. (2012) [26]

Drug treatment

163,000¹

4950¹/health care unit

Coenen et al. (2004) [42]

Drug treatment

6845^d

280⁴/doctor

Gulliford et al. 2014) [43]

Drug treatment, AB

579,000^a

0.46¹/patient

Nejad et al. (2016) [44]

Drug treatment

616^b

0.67²/doctor

Solomon et al. (2001) [45]

Drug treatment, AB

32,300^b

32,300²/health care unit

Zwar et al. (1999) [27]

Drug treatment, AB

22,175^e

284⁵/doctor

Avorn et al. (1983) [46]

Drug treatment

232²/doctor

Cals et al. (2011) [47]

Drug treatment

3.62⁴/patient

Das et al. (2016) [48]

Drug treatment

196²/health care provider

Soumerai et al. (1993) [28]

Blood transfusion

1290²/day

Wei et al. (2019) [77]

Drug treatment, AB

412²/health care unit