Table 4 Constructs in the questionnaires

Implementation-specific transformational, transactional and laissez-faire leadership based on [52, 53]

PPQ

PEQ

20 items

M

E

T1, T2, T3

Short form of implementation-specific transformational, transactional and laissez-faire leadership based on [52]

PEQ

6 items

M

WS: 1 and 2, 3, 4, 5

Changes in procedure based on [54]

PPQ

3 items

M

E

T2, T3

Perceived change [55, 56]

PPQ

1 item

1 = large impairment–5 = large improvement

E

T2, T3

General transformational leadership and contingent reward transactional leadership based on [57, 58]

PPQ

9 items

(2 items)

M

E

T1, T2, T3

Implementation climate based on [59, 60]

PPQ

6 items

M

E

T1, T2, T3

Quality improvement implementation scale based on [61]

PPQ

4 items

M

E

T1, T2, T3

Self-rated health [62–64]

PPQ

1 item

1 = excellent–5 = poor

M

E

T1, T2, T3

Vertical trust [62–64]

PPQ

4 items

M

E

T1, T2, T3

Discomfort with work [65, 66]

PPQ

1 item

1 = never–5 = everyday

M

E

T1, T2, T3

Work engagement [67, 68]

PPQ

3 items

(1 item for each subscale)

M

E

T1, T2, T3

Job satisfaction ([69], based on [70])

PPQ

3 items

M

E

T1, T2, T3

Stress reaction and recovery [62, 64, 65]

PPQ

2 item

1 = never–5 = everyday

M

E

T1, T2, T3

Self-rated productivity [71, 72]

PPQ

3 items

1 = low–10 = high

M

E

T1, T2, T3

Group process [73]

PPQ

4 items

M

E

T1, T2, T3

Job crafting based on [74, 75]

PPQ

8 items

M

T1, T2, T3

Qualitative job insecurity based on [76, 77]

PPQ

12 items

M

E

T2, T3

Fit of the intervention [78]

PPQ

1 item

M

E

T2, T3

Direction [78]

PPQ

2 items

E

T2, T3

Opportunity [78]

PPQ

1 item

E

T2, T3

Participation quality [53]

PPQ

3 items

M

E

T2, T3

Integration into existing processes and structures [78]

PPQ

2 items

E

T2, T3

Readiness for change [53]

PEQ

5 items

M

WS: 1 and 2

Situational motivation [79]

PEQ

9 items

M

WS: 1 and 2

Knowledge developed by the authors

PEQ

6 items

M

WS 1 and 2, 3, 4, 5

Workshop evaluation developed by the authors

PEQ

14 items

1 = not valuable–10 = very valuable

M

WS 1 and 2, 3, 4, 5

Organizational support [80]

PEQ

4 items

M

WS 1 and 2, 3, 4, 5

Overall evaluation of workshop quality (Fricdrich A, Jenny GJ, Bauer GF: Development of a generic process appraisal scale for organizational health intervention elements, submitted)

PEQ

10 items

M

WS5

Overall outcome expectancy [81]

PEQ

3 items

M

WS5

Overall support of needs (Tafvelin S, Lundmark R, Stenling A: Development and validation of a measure of need supportive implementation scale, in preparation)

PEQ

8 items

M

WS5