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  1. The persistent gap between research and practice compromises the impact of multi-level and multi-strategy community health interventions. Part of the problem is a limited understanding of how and why intervent...

    Authors: Barbara L Riley, JoAnne MacDonald, Omaima Mansi, Anita Kothari, Donna Kurtz, Linda I vonTettenborn and Nancy C Edwards
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:27
  2. One strategy to enhance research use and change current practice is to identify barriers and then implement tailored interventions to reduce these barriers. In nursing, the BARRIERS scale has been frequently u...

    Authors: Anne-Marie Boström, Kerstin Nilsson Kajermo, Gun Nordström and Lars Wallin
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:24
  3. How humans think and make decisions is important in understanding behaviour. Hence an understanding of cognitive processes among physicians may inform our understanding of behaviour in relation to evidence imp...

    Authors: Ruth M Sladek, Malcolm J Bond, Luan T Huynh, Derek PB Chew and Paddy A Phillips
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:23
  4. Implementation of research into practice in health care systems is a challenging and often unsuccessful endeavor. The United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (...

    Authors: Carolyn M Wallace and Marcia W Legro
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:22
  5. As more quality improvement programs are implemented to achieve gains in performance, the need to evaluate their lasting effects has become increasingly evident. However, such long-term follow-up evaluations a...

    Authors: Candice C Bowman, Elisa J Sobo, Steven M Asch and Allen L Gifford
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:21
  6. The United States (U.S.) Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI) has implemented economic analyses in single-site and multi-site clinical trials. To date, no one has...

    Authors: Mark W Smith and Paul G Barnett
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:20
  7. Children with emotional and behavioural disorders should be able to count on receiving care that meets their needs and is based on the best scientific evidence available, however, many do not receive these ser...

    Authors: Melanie A Barwick, Katherine M Boydell, Elaine Stasiulis, H Bruce Ferguson, Karen Blase and Dean Fixsen
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:19
  8. Despite being a critical part of improving healthcare quality, little is known about how best to move important research findings into clinical practice. To address this issue, the Department of Veterans Affai...

    Authors: Sarah L Krein, Steven J Bernstein, Carol E Fletcher, Fatima Makki, Caroline L Goldzweig, Brook Watts, Sandeep Vijan and Rodney A Hayward
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:18
  9. This article describes the process used by the authors in developing an implementation intervention to assist VA substance use disorder clinics in adopting guideline-based practices for treating depression. Th...

    Authors: Geoffrey M Curran, Snigda Mukherjee, Elise Allee and Richard R Owen
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:17
  10. We describe how we used the framework of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI) to develop a program to improve rates of diagnostic testing for the Human I...

    Authors: Matthew B Goetz, Candice Bowman, Tuyen Hoang, Henry Anaya, Teresa Osborn, Allen L Gifford and Steven M Asch
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:16
  11. Most patients with type 2 diabetes have suboptimal control of their glucose, blood pressure (BP), and lipids – three risk factors for diabetes complications. Although the chronic care model (CCM) provides a ro...

    Authors: Michael L Parchman, Jacqueline A Pugh, Steven D Culler, Polly H Noel, Nedal H Arar, Raquel L Romero and Raymond F Palmer
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:15
  12. It is generally acknowledged that a disparity between knowledge and its implementation is adversely affecting quality of care. An example commonly cited is the failure of clinicians to follow clinical guidelin...

    Authors: Paul R Falzer, Brent A Moore and D Melissa Garman
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:13
  13. The recent development and publication of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for acute low back pain (LBP) has resulted in evidence-based recommendations that, if implemented, have the potentia...

    Authors: Duncan Mortimer, Simon D French, Joanne E McKenzie, Denise A O'Connor and Sally E Green
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:12
  14. Evidence generated from reliable research is not frequently implemented into clinical practice. Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines are a potential vehicle to achieve this. A recent systematic review o...

    Authors: Joanne E McKenzie, Simon D French, Denise A O'Connor, Jeremy M Grimshaw, Duncan Mortimer, Susan Michie, Jill Francis, Neil Spike, Peter Schattner, Peter M Kent, Rachelle Buchbinder and Sally E Green
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:11
  15. Human Subjects protections approaches, specifically those relating to research review board oversight, vary throughout the world. While all are designed to protect participants involved in research, the struct...

    Authors: Edmund Chaney, Laura G Rabuck, Jane Uman, Deborah C Mittman, Carol Simons, Barbara F Simon, Mona Ritchie, Marisue Cody and Lisa V Rubenstein
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:10
  16. This paper presents a case study that demonstrates the evolution of a project entitled "Enhancing QUality-of-care In Psychosis" (EQUIP) that began approximately when the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs' Qu...

    Authors: Alison H Brown, Amy N Cohen, Matthew J Chinman, Christopher Kessler and Alexander S Young
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:9
  17. Continuing challenges to timely adoption of evidence-based clinical practices in healthcare have generated intense interest in the development and application of new implementation methods and frameworks. Thes...

    Authors: Cheryl B Stetler, Brian S Mittman and Joseph Francis
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:8
  18. Implementation of guidelines in clinical practice is difficult. In 2003, the German College of General Practitioners and Family Physicians (DEGAM) released an evidence-based guideline for the management of low...

    Authors: Jean-François Chenot, Martin Scherer, Annette Becker, Norbert Donner-Banzhoff, Erika Baum, Corinna Leonhardt, Stefan Keller, Michael Pfingsten, Jan Hildebrandt, Heinz-Dieter Basler and Michael M Kochen
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:7
  19. Visit preparation interventions help patients prepare to meet with a medical provider. Systematic reviews have found some positive effects, but there are no reports describing implementation experiences. Consu...

    Authors: Jeffrey Belkora, Brian Edlow, Caryn Aviv, Karen Sepucha and Laura Esserman
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:6
  20. Widespread replication of effective prevention programs is unlikely to affect the incidence of adolescent delinquency, violent crime, and substance use until the quality of implementation of these programs by ...

    Authors: Sharon F Mihalic, Abigail A Fagan and Susanne Argamaso
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:5
  21. Local Ontario Early Years Centres (OEYCs) collect timely and relevant local data, but knowledge translation is needed for the data to be useful. Maps represent an ideal tool to interpret local data. While geog...

    Authors: Anita Kothari, S Michelle Driedger, Julia Bickford, Jason Morrison, Michael Sawada, Ian D Graham and Eric Crighton
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:4
  22. Implementing change in primary care is difficult, and little practical guidance is available to assist small primary care practices. Methods to structure care and develop new roles are often needed to implemen...

    Authors: Lynne S Nemeth, Chris Feifer, Gail W Stuart and Steven M Ornstein
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:3
  23. There is considerable interest today in shared decision-making (SDM), defined as a decision-making process jointly shared by patients and their health care provider. However, the data show that SDM has not bee...

    Authors: France Légaré, Glyn Elwyn, Martin Fishbein, Pierre Frémont, Dominick Frosch, Marie-Pierre Gagnon, David A Kenny, Michel Labrecque, Dawn Stacey, Sylvie St-Jacques and Trudy van der Weijden
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:2
  24. The PARiHS framework (Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services) has proved to be a useful practical and conceptual heuristic for many researchers and practitioners in framing their resear...

    Authors: Alison L Kitson, Jo Rycroft-Malone, Gill Harvey, Brendan McCormack, Kate Seers and Angie Titchen
    Citation: Implementation Science 2008 3:1
  25. African American and Hispanic women, such as those living in the northern Manhattan and the South Bronx neighborhoods of New York City, are generally underserved with regard to breast cancer prevention and scr...

    Authors: Sherri Sheinfeld Gorin, Alfred R Ashford, Rafael Lantigua, Manisha Desai, Andrea Troxel and Donald Gemson
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:43
  26. We describe the use of a conceptual framework and implementation protocol to prepare effective health services interventions for implementation in community-based (i.e., non-academic-affiliated) settings.

    Authors: Amy M Kilbourne, Mary S Neumann, Harold A Pincus, Mark S Bauer and Ronald Stall
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:42
  27. Reviews of guideline implementation recommend matching strategies to the specific setting, but provide little specific guidance about how to do so. We hypothesized that the highest level of guideline-concordan...

    Authors: Lee A Green, Leon Wyszewianski, Julie C Lowery, Christine P Kowalski and Sarah L Krein
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:41
  28. Implementation fidelity refers to the degree to which an intervention or programme is delivered as intended. Only by understanding and measuring whether an intervention has been implemented with fidelity can r...

    Authors: Christopher Carroll, Malcolm Patterson, Stephen Wood, Andrew Booth, Jo Rick and Shashi Balain
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:40
  29. A challenge for implementation researchers is to develop principles that could generate testable hypotheses that apply across a range of clinical contexts, thus leading to generalisability of findings. Such pr...

    Authors: Jillian J Francis, Jeremy M Grimshaw, Merrick Zwarenstein, Martin P Eccles, Susan Shiller, Gaston Godin, Marie Johnston, Keith O'Rourke, Justin Presseau and Jacqueline Tetroe
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:39
  30. Randomised controlled trials of implementation strategies tell us whether (or not) an intervention results in changes in professional behaviour but little about the causal mechanisms that produce any change. T...

    Authors: Jeremy M Grimshaw, Merrick Zwarenstein, Jacqueline M Tetroe, Gaston Godin, Ian D Graham, Louise Lemyre, Martin P Eccles, Marie Johnston, Jillian J Francis, Jan Hux, Keith O'Rourke, France Légaré and Justin Presseau
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:38
  31. There are gaps between what family practitioners do in clinical practice and the evidence-based ideal. The most commonly used strategy to narrow these gaps is the printed educational message (PEM); however, th...

    Authors: Merrick Zwarenstein, Janet E Hux, Diane Kelsall, Michael Paterson, Jeremy Grimshaw, Dave Davis, Andreas Laupacis, Michael Evans, Peter C Austin, Pamela M Slaughter, Susan K Shiller, Ruth Croxford and Karen Tu
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:37
  32. Evaluation of low-back pain guidelines using Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation (AGREE) criteria has shown weaknesses, particularly in stakeholder involvement and applicability of recommendations....

    Authors: Michel Rossignol, Stéphane Poitras, Clermont Dionne, Michel Tousignant, Manon Truchon, Bertrand Arsenault, Pierre Allard, Manon Coté and Alain Neveu
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:36
  33. Dutch guideline-developing organizations do not focus systematically on differences between men and women when developing guidelines, even though there is increasing evidence that being male or female may have...

    Authors: Debby G Keuken, Joke A Haafkens, Marian J Hellema, Jako S Burgers and Clara J Moerman
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:35
  34. Although the study of research utilization is not new, there has been increased emphasis on the topic over the recent past. Science push models that are researcher driven and controlled and demand pull models ...

    Authors: Liane R Ginsburg, Steven Lewis, Lisa Zackheim and Ann Casebeer
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:34
  35. Gaps between research knowledge and practice have been consistently reported. Traditional ways of communicating information have limited impact on practice changes. Strategies to disseminate information need t...

    Authors: Dominique Acolet, Kim Jelphs, Deborah Davidson, Edward Peck, Felicity Clemens, Rosie Houston, Michael Weindling, John Lavis and Diana Elbourne
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:33
  36. In the past 15 years, knowledge translation in healthcare has emerged as a multifaceted and complex agenda. Theoretical and polemical discussions, the development of a science to study and measure the effects ...

    Authors: Mandi S Newton and Shannon Scott-Findlay
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:32
  37. For people with dementia, patient-centred care should involve timely explanation of the diagnosis and its implications. However, this is not routine. Theoretical models of behaviour change offer a generalisabl...

    Authors: Robbie Foy, Claire Bamford, Jillian J Francis, Marie Johnston, Jan Lecouturier, Martin Eccles, Nick Steen and Jeremy Grimshaw
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:31
  38. Childhood asthma is common in Cape Town, a province of South Africa, but is underdiagnosed by general practitioners. Medications are often prescribed inappropriately, and care is episodic. The objective of thi...

    Authors: Merrick Zwarenstein, Angeni Bheekie, Carl Lombard, George Swingler, Rodney Ehrlich, Martin Eccles, Michael Sladden, Sandra Pather, Jeremy Grimshaw and Andrew D Oxman
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:30
  39. Health care practice based on research evidence requires that evidence is synthesised, and that recommendations based on this evidence are implemented. It also requires an intermediate step: translating synthe...

    Authors: Susan Michie, Jessica Berentson-Shaw, Stephen Pilling, Gene Feder, Paul Dieppe, Rosalind Raine, Francoise Cluzeau, Phil Alderson and Simon Ellis
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:29
  40. Despite the development of several models of care delivery for patients with chronic illness, consistent improvements in outcomes have not been achieved. These inconsistent results may be less related to the c...

    Authors: Luci K Leykum, Jacqueline Pugh, Valerie Lawrence, Michael Parchman, Polly H Noël, John Cornell and Reuben R McDaniel Jr
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:28
  41. Biomedical research constantly produces new findings, but these are not routinely incorporated into health care practice. Currently, a range of interventions to promote the uptake of emerging evidence are avai...

    Authors: Martin P Eccles, Marie Johnston, Susan Hrisos, Jill Francis, Jeremy Grimshaw, Nick Steen and Eileen F Kaner
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:27
  42. Psychological models can be used to understand and predict behaviour in a wide range of settings. However, they have not been consistently applied to health professional behaviours, and the contribution of dif...

    Authors: Martin P Eccles, Jeremy M Grimshaw, Marie Johnston, Nick Steen, Nigel B Pitts, Ruth Thomas, Elizabeth Glidewell, Graeme Maclennan, Debbie Bonetti and Anne Walker
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:26
  43. The Accreditation Council on Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) supports chart audit as a method to track competency in Practice-Based Learning and Improvement. We examined whether peer chart audits performed ...

    Authors: Lisa J Staton, Suzanne M Kraemer, Sangnya Patel, Gregg M Talente and Carlos A Estrada
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:24
  44. There is increasing evidence that clinical guidelines can lead to improvements in clinical care. However, they are not self-implementing. While educational outreach visits may improve prescribing behaviour, th...

    Authors: Martin P Eccles, Ian N Steen, Paula M Whitty and Lesley Hall
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:23
  45. Laboratory services have a central role in supporting screening, diagnosis, and management of patients. The increase in chronic disease management in primary care for conditions such as diabetes mellitus requi...

    Authors: Robbie Foy, Gillian Hawthorne, Ian Gibb, Martin P Eccles, Nick Steen, Susan Hrisos, Trevor White, Bernard L Croal and Jeremy M Grimshaw
    Citation: Implementation Science 2007 2:22

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