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Table 5 Descriptive statistics for proposed theory-based mechanisms of action

From: Engagement is a necessary condition to test audit and feedback design features: results of a pragmatic, factorial, cluster-randomized trial with an embedded process evaluation

 

Intention

Mean (SD)

Self-efficacy

Mean (SD)

Outcome expectations

Mean (SD)

Descriptive norms

Mean (SD)

Goal prioritization

Mean (SD)

Behavior: appropriately adjusting antipsychotic prescribing

 Factor

 

n

     

 Framing

Risk

17

4.35 (0.49)

4.18 (0.81)

4.41 (0.51)

3.41 (0.80)

4.29 (0.59)

Benefit

16

4.25 (0.68)

4.25 (0.86)

4.50 (0.63)

3.25 (0.68)

4.38 (0.72)

 Benchmark

Top quartile

18

4.28 (0.58)

4.39 (0.78)

4.50 (0.51)

3.00 (0.69)**

4.39 (0.61)

Median

15

4.33 (0.62)

4.00 (0.85)

4.40 (0.63)

3.73 (0.59)

4.27 (0.70)

Behavior: appropriately adjusting benzodiazepine prescribing

 Factor

 

n

     

 Framing

Risk

17

4.06 (1.03)

4.35 (0.70)

4.53 (0.51)

3.35 (0.49)

4.18 (0.73)

Benefit

16

3.81 (0.66)

4.31 (0.79)

4.25 (0.78)

3.25 (0.45)

3.88 (0.62)

 Benchmark

Top quartile

18

3.94 (0.73)

4.33 (0.69)

4.28 (0.75)

3.11 (0.32)*

3.89 (0.68)

Median

15

3.93 (1.03)

4.33 (0.82)

4.53 (0.52)

3.53 (0.52)

4.20 (0.68)

Behavior: appropriately adjusting antidepressant prescribing

 Factor

 

n

     

 Framing

Risk

17

4.06 (0.83)

4.12 (0.70)

4.18 (0.81)

3.29 (0.59)

3.82 (1.07)

Benefit

16

3.81 (0.54)

4.06 (0.57)

4.00 (0.63)

3.38 (0.50)

3.75 (0.78)

 Benchmark

Top quartile

18

3.78 (0.65)

4.11 (0.68)

4.06 (0.64)

3.22 (0.43)

3.67 (0.97)

Median

15

4.13 (0.74)

4.07 (0.59)

4.13 (0.83)

3.47 (0.64)

3.93 (0.88)

Behavior: appropriately adjusting statin prescribing

 Factor

 

n

     

 Framing

Risk

17

4.29 (0.59)

4.06 (0.83)

4.24 (0.66)

3.06 (0.56)

4.12 (0.78)

Benefit

16

3.94 (1.0)

4.19 (1.05)

4.06 (0.77)

2.94 (0.57)

3.63 (1.09)

 Benchmark

Top quartile

18

3.94 (0.94)

4.11 (1.13)

4.22 (0.73)

2.89 (0.47)

3.78 (1.06)

Median

15

4.33 (0.62)

4.13 (0.64)

4.07 (0.70)

3.13 (0.64)

4.00 (0.85)

  1. Scale: 1–5 Likert scale, strongly disagree-strongly agree (3 = neither agree nor disagree)
  2. **p = .003 between groups (top quartile comparator vs. median comparator)
  3. *p = .012 between groups (top quartile comparator vs. median comparator)