Table 1 Baseline resident characteristics

Sex, n (%)

 Female

1847 (71.7%)

2169 (73.3%)

2285 (74.0%)

1696 (70.8%)

7,997 (72.6%)

 Male

729 (28.3%)

789 (26.7%)

804 (26.0%)

698 (29.2%)

3,020 (27.4%)

Age

 Mean ± SD

86.36 ± 7.87

86.32 ± 7.92

86.40 ± 7.66

86.32 ± 7.78

86.35 ± 7.80

Charlson Comorbidity Index

 Mean ± SD

1.71 ± 1.56

1.73 ± 1.62

1.70 ± 1.58

1.76 ± 1.59

1.72 ± 1.59

Diagnosis, n (%)

 Psychosis

132 (5.1%)

166 (5.6%)

148 (4.8%)

112 (4.7%)

558 (5.1%)

 Dementia

2127 (82.6%)

2326 (78.6%)

2594 (84.0%)

2011 (84.0%)

9,058 (82.2%)

 Neither

317 (12.3%)

466 (15.8%)

347 (11.2%)

271 (11.3%)

1,401 (12.7%)

Level of function

 Mean ± SD

17.18 ± 7.05

16.26 ± 7.42

16.93 ± 7.20

16.93 ± 7.51

16.81 ± 7.30

Pain score

 Mean ± SD

0.37 ± 0.64

0.39 ± 0.65

0.39 ± 0.66

0.42 ± 0.69

0.39 ± 0.66

Depression score

 Mean ± SD

2.08 ± 2.36

2.43 ± 2.45

1.94 ± 2.32

1.90 ± 2.44

2.10 ± 2.40

 Recent fall(s), n (%)

476 (18.5%)

518 (17.5%)

600 (19.4%)

420 (17.5%)

2,014 (18.3%)

 Recent psychiatric consult, n (%)

230 (8.9%)

382 (12.9%)

393 (12.7%)

252 (10.5%)

1,257 (11.4%)

 Recent geriatric consult, n (%)

125 (4.9%)

111 (3.8%)

174 (5.6%)

160 (6.7%)

570 (5.2%)

 Recent restraint use, n (%)

90 (3.5%)

209 (7.1%)

142 (4.6%)

107 (4.5%)

548 (5.0%)

Aggressive behaviour

 Mean ± SD

1.44 ± 2.17

1.56 ± 2.22

1.50 ± 2.19

1.45 ± 2.26

1.49 ± 2.21

Prescriptions, n (%)

 Antipsychotics

668 (25.9%)

839 (28.4%)

797 (25.8%)

619 (25.9%)

2,923 (26.5%)

 Opioids

655 (25.4%)

829 (28.0%)

758 (24.5%)

622 (26.0%)

2,864 (26.0%)

 Benzodiazepines

355 (13.8%)

457 (15.4%)

389 (12.6%)

326 (13.6%)

1,527 (13.9%)

 Antidepressants

1335 (51.8%)

1678 (56.7%)

1496 (48.4%)

1191 (49.7%)

5,700 (51.7%)