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Table 7 Six recommendations for optimizing TMF for D&I policy use

From: Where is “policy” in dissemination and implementation science? Recommendations to advance theories, models, and frameworks: EPIS as a case example

Recommendation

Considerations for each recommendation

1. Specify dimensions of a policy’s function.

• Identify the policy goal(s).

• Identify the policy type (i.e., big p or little p).

• Describe the affected multi-level outer and inner contexts.

• Identify capital exchanged.

2. Specify dimensions of a policy’s form.

• Identify the policy’s origin.

• Describe the policy’s structure.

• Assess the policy’s dynamism or permanence.

• Identify the (un)intended outcomes of policy implementation.

3. Identify and define the nonlinear phases of policy D&I across outer and inner contexts.

• Describe temporal benchmarks for policy dissemination and implementation processes.

4. Describe the temporal roles that stakeholders play in policy dissemination and implementation over time.

• Identify key stakeholders (e.g., politicians and/or agency staff who create or influence policy, lobbyists, advocates) and their responsibilities at each defined temporal benchmark.

5. Consider policy-relevant outer and inner context adaptations.

• Incorporate relevant outer/inner context constructs that are not included in existing frameworks to better explain potential determinants and mechanisms of dissemination and implementation efforts.

6. Identify and describe bridging factors necessary for policy dissemination and implementation success.

• Identify and describe the structures, relationships, and processes (i.e., bridging factors) that span outer and inner contexts to enhance policy dissemination or implementation.