Skip to main content

Table 3 Measures used to assess candidate mediators

From: Mediators of measurement-based care implementation in community mental health settings: results from a mixed-methods evaluation

Measure name

Description

Subscale

Sample item(s)

Framework for Dissemination Domain

Attitudes Towards Standardized Assessment (ASA)

24-Item measure of clinician attitudes towards the use of standardized assessment

Clinical utility

Standardized progress measures provide more useful information than other assessments like informal interviews or observations

Norms and attitudes

 

Benefit for treatment planning

Standardized progress measures help gather objective information about whether treatment is working

Norms and attitudes

 

Practicality

Standardized progress measures can efficiently gather information

Norms and attitudes

Monitoring and Feedback Attitudes Scale (MFA)

20-Item measure of clinician attitudes towards routine progress monitoring and provision of feedback to patients about treatment progress

Benefit

Monitoring treatment progress is an important part of treatment

Norms and attitudes

 

Harm

Providing feedback to clients about treatment progress (or lack thereof) would potentially harm the therapeutic alliance

Norms and attitudes

Evidence-Based Practice Attitudes Scale (EBPAS)

15-Item measure of clinician attitudes towards adoption of evidence-based practices; lower scores indicative of worse attitudes

N/A total score used

N/A

Norms and attitudes

Survey of Organizational Functioning (SOF)

162-Item measure divided into seven scales: motivation for change, resources, staff attributes, organizational climate, job attitudes, workplace practices, and training exposure and utilization

Program needs

Your program needs additional guidance in increasing program participation by clients

Resources

 

Training needs

You need more training for assessing client problems and needs

Resources

 

Pressures for change

Current pressures to make program changes come from program supervisors or managers

Polices and incentives

 

Offices

Your offices and equipment are adequate

Resources

 

Staffing

There are enough counselors here to meet current client needs

Resources

 

Training

This program holds regular in-service training

Resources

 

Computer access

Computer problems are usually repaired promptly at this program

Resources

 

E-communications

You have easy access for using the internet at work

Resources

 

Growth

This program encourages and supports professional growth

Norms and attitudes

 

Efficacy

You have the skills needed to conduct effective individual counseling

Norms and attitudes

 

Influence

Staff generally regard you as a valuable source of information

Norms and attitudes

 

Adaptability

You are willing to try new ideas even if some staff members are reluctant

Norms and attitudes

 

Mission

Your duties are clearly related to the goals of this program

Norms and attitudes (climate)

 

Cohesion

Staff here all get along very well

Norms and attitudes (climate)

 

Autonomy

Counselors here are given broad authority in treating their own clients

Norms and attitudes (climate)

 

Communication

Program staff are always kept well informed

Norms and attitudes (climate)

 

Stress

Staff frustration is common here

Norms and attitudes (climate)

 

Change

The general attitude here is to use new and changing technology

Norms and attitudes (climate)

 

Burnout

You feel overwhelmed by paperwork

Norms and attitudes

 

Satisfaction

You feel appreciated for the job you do

Norms and attitudes

 

Director leadership

My program director takes time to listen carefully to and discuss people’s concerns

Network and linkages

 

Peer collaboration

Counselors at this program make a conscious effort to coordinate with other service professionals

Network and linkages

 

Deprivatized practice

In the past year, you have received meaningful feedback on your performance from colleagues

Network and linkages

 

Collective responsibility

Many counselors in this program feel responsible to help each other do their best

Network and linkages

 

Focus on outcomes

When making important decisions, the program always focuses on what’s best for client improvement

Norms and attitudes

 

Reflective dialogue

In the past year, you have had frequent conversations with colleagues about what helps clients improve

Network and linkages

 

Counselor socialization

Experienced counselors invite new counselors into their sessions to observe, give feedback, etc.

Network and linkages

 

Training satisfaction

You were satisfied with the training offered at workshops available to you last year

Media and change agents

 

Training exposure

In the last year, how often did you attend training workshops held within 50 miles of your agency?

Media and change agents

 

Training utilization-individual level

When you attend workshops, how often do you try out the new interventions or techniques learned?

Media and change agents

 

Training utilization–program level

How often do new interventions or techniques that the staff from your program learn at workshops get adopted for general use?

Media and change agents

Implementation Climate Scale (ICS)

18-Item measure of the extent to which employees perceive their organization as prioritizing and valuing the implementation of EBPs

N/A total score used

N/A

Norms and attitudes (climate)

Barriers and Facilitators Scale (B&F)

19-Item measure comprised of three subscales that assess common determinants of implementation. For this study, the referent was edited to be “MBC.”

Job-related structures

Our progress notes support MBC

Structure and process

 

Program-level structures

My agency has a committee who oversees how MBC is being done

Structures and process

 

Agency leadership support

My agency has a person who is a strong advocate for MBC

Media and change agents

Implementation Leadership Scale (ILS)

12-Item measure comprised of four subscales that assess aspects of implementation leadership

N/A total score used

N/A

Media and change agents