Table 2 Study characteristics
# | Author/country | Study design | Sample (size) | Priority population | Stakeholders | Intervention/program topic area | D&I theory/framework |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Barlow (2018) [16] (USA) | Case study | Choctaw (n = 220,000), Apache (n = 17,000), Kodiak (n = 226), & Native American Health Center (n = 7,200) | AI/AN mothers and infant caregivers | Indigenous home visitors; Staff from Urban Indian Center | Evaluation of the Tribal Maternal and Early Childhood Home Visiting (MIECHV) legislation supporting the delivery of home-visiting interventions in low-income AI/AN communities | None |
2 | Black (2018) [17] (USA) | Randomized controlled trial | AI/AN youth from program delivery sites in tribal communities (n = 16) | AI/AN youth | Tribal partners (funding agencies, academic institutions); Chief program officers; Program staff; Community advisory group | Implementation of a sexual health intervention for AI/AN youth. | CBPR |
3 | Jernigan (2020) [20] (USA) | Case study series | Community-based organization on major Hawaiian Islands (n = 30) (KaHOLO Project); indigenous adolescents (n = 200) across 10 urban communities across California (MICUNAY); 1,640 shoppers from Chickasaw Nation and Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma (THRIVE Study) | Native Hawaiians at risk of CVD and HT (KaHOLO Project); Urban Native American Youth (Motivational Interviewing and Culture for Urban Native American Youth-MICUNAY); shoppers from Chickasaw Nation and Choctaw Nation of OK (THRIVE Study) | Hula community; Native Hawaiian Health Task Force; Community members; Health care providers; Tribal government; Commerce; Health sectors | Assessment of three D&I case studies of NIH-funded intervention research to improve Native American Health (IRINAH) | CBPR (KaHOLO Project & MICUNAY); Reach, Efficacy, Adoption, Implementation, & Maintenance (RE-AIM) Framework (THRIVE study) |
4 | Counil (2012) [13] (Canada) | Qualitative | 5 participants (Inuk leader; Inuk student; southern student; southern nutritionist; and southern researcher) | Inuit communities in Greenland & Northern Canada | Inuk leader; Inuk student; southern student; southern nutritionist; and southern researcher | Implementation of a reduction of the trans-fat content of food sold in Nunavik | None |
5 | Craig Rushing [12] (2018) (USA) | Pilot | 50 states and 73 countries | AI/AN youth | Representatives from community-based organizations; Tribal health educators; advocates; teachers; school counselors; university partners | Assessing the reach and usability of the Healthy Native Youth website including culturally acceptable sexual health curricula | None |
6 | Douglas (2013) [18] (Canada) | Pilot | First Nation children with asthma and their caregivers (n = 13) | First Nation children with asthma in Canada | National advisory group; instructors; health professionals; academics with expertise in asthma education | Adaptation of the “Roaring Adventures of Puff Program” for First Nation Children with asthma | Knowledge-to-Action Framework |
7 | Gates (2013) [19] (Canada) | Case study | First Nations youth attending one school in Kashechewan, Ontario (sample size not specified) | First Nations youth | School administrators; university researchers; community key stakeholders | Lessons learned following the implementation of a school-based snack program for Native Youth | CBPR |
8 | Jernigan (2016) [20] (USA) | Cross-sectional | Key stakeholders in Oklahoma (n = 100) and California (n = 75) | AI stakeholders in two reservations (California and Oklahoma) | Community advisory board; university research center | Assessing obesity through policy and environmental approaches in two AI communities | CBPR |
9 | Jiang (2013) [21] (USA) | Quasi-experimental | Participants from AI/AN communities (n = 2,553) | 80 AI/AN tribes served by 36 healthcare programs | IHS-contracted health programs; IHS hospitals/clinics; lifestyle coaches | Evaluation of the special diabetes program for Indians Diabetes Prevention | CBPR |
10 | Kaufman (2018) [22] (USA) | Cross-sectional | Stakeholders involved with sexual health and well-being of AI/AN youth (n = 142) | AI/AN youth | Expert task force (local technicians, CDC, IHS personnel, experts in HIV/STD) | Identification and assessment of the parameters facilitating the uptake of a sexual risk reduction EBI (RESPECT) | Diffusion of Innovation |
11 | Markham (2016) [10] (USA) | Randomized controlled trial | AI/AN youth (12-14 yrs.) from 13 urban (n = 13) & rural/tribal (n = 12) settings in AK, AZ, OR, ID, WA. | AI/AN youth | Regional staff; site coordinators (teachers, counselors, nurses, wellness coordinators, and college students) | Assessing the impact of the internet in the delivery of evidence-based health programs | None |
12 | Martindale-Adams (2017) [23] (USA) | Randomized controlled trial | Caregiving dyads from a federal or Tribal health care program serving one of the 546 federally recognized Tribes, an Urban Indian Health program, or awardees of the ACL/AOA Native American Caregiver Support Program (NACSP) | AI/AN with Alzheimer’s disease or early dementia | Staff from tribal healthcare programs; public health nurses; community health representatives; university research center | Implementation of REACH (Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer’s Caregivers Health) for an EBI Alzheimer’s EBI | Implementation Process Model |
13 | Mokuau (2008) [24] (USA) | Qualitative | Native Hawaiian elders seeking health services at the National Resource Center established at the University of Hawaii | Native Hawaiian elders | University of Hawaii research center; congressional leaders; national leaders in Native elder health; leaders at the University of Hawaii; gerontologists; Native Hawaiian leaders in the community | Development of a National Resource Center for Hawaiian elders to decrease disparities in accessing health services | CBPR |
14 | Moleta (2017) [25] (USA) | Quasi-experimental | Community Health Workers (CHWs) (n = 46) | Community Health Workers in Native communities | Ulu network members; Center for Native and Pacific Health Disparities Research | Development, Implementation, and Evaluation of “Heart 101”, a cardiovascular disease training program in Hawaii | CBPR/Adult Learning Theory |
15 | Nadin (2018) [26] (Canada) | Quasi-experimental | 7 client and family members; 22 healthcare providers | First Nation elderly people | Community care program staff; federal and provincial government; funding agencies; external resources; healthcare providers; elders; members of the Band council and administration | Process evaluation of a pilot implementation of a community-based palliative care program (Wiisokotaatiwin) | CBPR |
16 | Orians (2004) [15] (USA) | Multisite case study design | 141 interviews with key informants and 16 focus groups (132 AI/AN eligible women) | AI/AN eligible women | Program site staff; tribal members; health educators; outreach workers | Assessment of the tribal programs’ implementation of the public education and outreach component of CDC’s National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program | CBPR |
17 | Pei (2019) [28] (USA) | Qualitative | 35 participants in the Parent-Child Assistance Program for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder | First nation communities enrolled in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder services | First Nation community; leaders; program staff; university research members | Assessment of mentors' perceptions of the impacts and suitability of a relational, trauma-informed, and community-based approach to service delivery in First Nation communities | CBPR |
18 | Rasmus (2019) [29] (USA) | Case Study | Alaska Native communities suffering from the burden of suicide and alcohol misuse (sample size not specified) | AN communities | Indigenous researchers; Zuni tribal members and teachers; local community advisory; advisory committee; tribal/university collaboration; elders | Development of an Indigenous knowledge theory-driven intervention to guide researchers in indigenous communities who seek to create Indigenously informed and locally sustainable strategies for the promotion of health and well-being | Theory of Change framework/Indigenous Knowledge and Cultural Logic Model of Contexts |
19 | Short (2014) [30] (Canada & USA) | Systematic review | 10 Indigenous communities suffering from motor vehicle crashes (MVC) | Indigenous communities | Child restraint technicians; police officers; prenatal and child safety seat clinic staff; Head Start staff | Successful dissemination and implementation strategies used in the development and implementation of MVC interventions | None |
20 | Walters (2020) [31] (USA) | Case study series | Yappalli Choctaw Study: Choctaw women (sample size not specified); the Qungasvik (Toolbox) Prevention Approach: AN youth 12–18 years old (sample size not specified); KaHOLO Project: Native Hawaiian adults at risk of cardiovascular disease and hypertension (sample size not specified) | Native communities | Choctaw health leaders; non-Native support staff; Native allies; Choctaw community members; community and cultural leaders; Choctaw elders; research team; elders; hula members; teachers; community-based organizations; investigations from the University of Hawaii and Washington state; health providers; housing representatives; environmental departments; cultural leaders; knowledge keepers; youth; parents | Implementation strategies, indigenous worldviews, and protocols derived from five diverse community-based Native health intervention studies | Culturally grounded models of health promotion: original instructions; relational restoration; narrative-embodied transformation; and indigenous CBPR |
21 | Young (2017) [32] (Canada) | Case Study | 15 Canadian Aboriginal communities | 50 Canadian Aboriginal communities | Aboriginal children | Planning discussions on challenges and best practices to implement a children’s well-being assessment tool | None |