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Table 3 Effect estimates, incidence rate ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CI), of diagnoses of maltreatment or assault during the first year of life among children born 1996–2019 by 1) Swedish version of International Classification of Diseases, 2) inclusion of out-patient specialised care in the NPR (National Patient Register) and 3) intervention effects of transfer of knowledge (diffusion, dissemination, implementation and sustainability until obsolescence) on the diagnosis SBS/AHT (shaken baby syndrome/abusive head trauma)

From: Transfer of knowledge to diagnose infant abuse and its incidence – a time-series analysis from Sweden

Year and category

 

Period

Maltreatment

Assault

   

Incidence rate ratio (95% CI)

Incidence rate ratio (95% CI)

Register

 ICD version 9

Reference

1996

1

1

 ICD version 10

Exposure

1997

1.05 (0.47–2.37)

0.53 (0.11–2.00)

 In-patient care only in the NPR

Reference

2000

1

1

 Out-patient care added to the NPR

Exposure

2001

3.66 (1.89–7.78)

6.93 (1.94–44.13)

Transfer of supporting knowledge on SBS/AHT

 Baseline intervention

Reference

2002–2007

1

1

 Intensified intervention

Exposure

2008–2013

1.63 (1.34–1.98)

1.17 (0.84–3.33)

Transfer of supporting and disruptive knowledge on SBS/AHT

 Intensified intervention

Reference

2008–2013

1

1

 Sustainability until obsolescence (h)

Exposure

2014–2019

0.84 (0.71–0.99)

0.74 (0.53–1.04)

 Implementation & sustainability

Reference

2008–2016

1

1

 Obsolescence (f)

Exposure

2017–2019

0.75 (0.61–0.92)

0.82 (0.54–1.21)