Table 2 RE-AIM Framework and IOF outcomes mapped to the CFIR Outcomes Addendum

N/A: Not explicitly included

Acceptability: The extent to which an innovation is perceived as “agreeable, palatable, or satisfactory.”

Antecedent assessments [28]

Appropriateness: The “perceived fit, relevance, or compatibility of the innovation […] for a given practice setting, provider, or consumer; and/or perceived fit of the innovation to address a particular issue or problem.”

Feasibility: The extent to which an innovation “can be successfully used or carried out within a given agency or setting.”

Adoption: “The absolute number, proportion, and representativeness of: a) settings; and b) intervention agents (people who deliver the program) who are willing to initiate a program.”

Adoption: “The intention, initial decision, or action to try or employ an innovation.”

Actual Implementation Outcomes: Adoption

^aImplementation (setting-level): “The intervention agents’ fidelity to the various elements of an intervention’s protocol, including consistency of delivery as intended and the time required. Also includes adaptations made and the costs of implementation.

^bPenetration (setting-level): “The integration of a practice within a service setting and its subsystems” which “can be calculated in terms of the number of providers who deliver a given service or treatment, divided by the total number of providers trained in or expected to deliver the service.”

Fidelity: “The extent to which the program is implemented consistently across different settings, staff, and patients.”

Fidelity: “The degree to which an intervention was implemented as it was prescribed in the original protocol or as it was intended by the program developer.”

Cost: Costs of “replicating a program or policy in different settings;” “costs at the patient-, staff-, clinic-, and organizational levels;” “costs to deliver programs.”

Cost: “The cost impact of an implementation effort,” based on “the costs of the particular intervention, the implementation strategy used, and the location of service delivery.”

N/A: Depending on how cost is defined, it may represent an implementation or innovation determinant or outcome.

Adaptation: Adaptations made “prior to, during, and after program implementation.”

N/A: Not explicitly included

N/A: Adaption is conceptualized as an implementation determinant in the CFIR Process Domain.

^aMaintenance (setting-level): The extent to which “a program or policy becomes institutionalized or part of the routine organizational practices and policies. Includes proportion and representativeness of settings that continue the intervention and reasons for maintenance, discontinuance or adaptation.”

^cSustainability: “The extent to which a newly implemented treatment is maintained or institutionalized within a service setting’s ongoing, stable operations.”

Actual Implementation Outcomes: Sustainment

Setting Impact (setting-level): Adoption X Implementation [28, 32]

N/A: Not explicitly included

N/A: Not explicitly included

Reach (recipient-level): “The absolute number, proportion, and representativeness of individuals who are willing to participate in a given initiative, intervention, or program.”

^bPenetration (recipient-level): “The number of eligible persons who use a service, divided by the total number of persons eligible for the services.”

Innovation Outcomes: Innovation Impact on Recipients, Deliverers, and Key Decision-Makers

^aImplementation (recipient-level) “Clients’ use of the intervention and implementation strategies.”

Effectiveness: “The impact of an intervention on important outcomes, including potential negative effects, quality of life, and economic outcomes.”

^eClient Outcomes: “Satisfaction, Function, and Symptomology.”

^aMaintenance (recipient-level): The extent to which “behavior is sustained 6 months or more after treatment or intervention.”

^dRecipient Impact (recipient-level): Reach X Effectiveness [28, 32]

N/A: Not explicitly included

N/A: Not explicitly included

^eService Outcomes: “The extent to which services are safe, effective, patient-centered, timely, efficient, and equitable.”