Table 4 Association between desired change in behaviour (implementation (n=81) and de-implementation (n=97)) and BCT present

Behaviour substitution

Implementation

3

78

12.607

<.0005*^b

De-implementation

23

74

Feedback on behaviour

Implementation

59

22

15.693

<.0001*^a

De-implementation

42

55

Monitoring of behaviour by others without feedback

Implementation

1

80

16.187

<.0001*^b

De-implementation

22

75

Restructuring social environment

Implementation

0

81

--

<.0005*^c

De-implementation

13

84

Goal setting (behaviour)

Implementation

16

65

9.301

.002^b

De-implementation

4

93

Problem solving

Implementation

5

75

0.077

.781^b

De-implementation

4

93

Goal setting (outcome)

Implementation

5

76

--

.018^c

De-implementation

0

97

Action planning

Implementation

2

79

--

.206^c

De-implementation

0

97

Review of behaviour goal(s)

Implementation

8

73

3.717

.054^b

De-implementation

2

95

Discrepancy between current behaviour and goal

Implementation

6

75

3.213

.073^b

De-implementation

1

96

Behavioural contract

Implementation

3

78

--

.092^c

De-implementation

0

97

Commitment

Implementation

1

80

--

.455^c

De-implementation

0

97

Self-monitoring of behaviour

Implementation

3

78

.477

.490^b

De-implementation

1

96

Monitoring of behaviour by others without feedback

Implementation

0

81

--

.501^c

De-implementation

2

95

Feedback on outcome of behaviour

Implementation

11

70

.204

.651^a

De-implementation

11

86

Social support (unspecified)

Implementation

12

12

.827

.363^a

De-implementation

10

87

Social support (practical)

Implementation

6

75

.105

.746^a

De-implementation

6

91

Instruction on how to perform the behaviour

Implementation

53

28

.666

.415^a

De-implementation

69

28

Information about health consequences

Implementation

12

69

.827

.363^a

De-implementation

10

87

Information about social and environmental consequences

Implementation

3

78

3.247

.072^b

De-implementation

12

85

Demonstration of the behaviour

Implementation

0

81

--

1.00^c

De-implementation

1

96

Social comparison

Implementation

27

54

5.102

.024^a

De-implementation

18

79

Prompts and cues

Implementation

17

64

8.595

.003^a

De-implementation

6

91

Behavioural practice/rehearsal

Implementation

1

80

--

.455^c

De-implementation

0

97

Credible source

Implementation

20

61

2.379

.123^a

De-implementation

15

82

Pros and cons

Implementation

7

74

.873

.350^b

De-implementation

4

93

Comparative imagining of future outcomes

Implementation

1

80

--

.455^c

De-implementation

0

97

Material incentive (behaviour)

Implementation

3

78

.477

.490^b

De-implementation

1

96

Material reward (behaviour)

Implementation

4

77

--

.041^c

De-implementation

0

97

Non-specific incentive

Implementation

2

79

--

.206^c

De-implementation

0

97

Restructuring physical environment

Implementation

5

81

4.519

.034^a

De-implementation

16

76

Adding objects to the environment

Implementation

6

75

1.664

.197^a

De-implementation