Table 2 Inclusion criteria

Population

Healthcare workers, including managers and those in training.

Intervention

A social norms intervention in a (non-simulated) healthcare setting that seeks to change the clinical behaviour of target population by exposing them to the values, beliefs, attitudes, or behaviours of a reference group or person.

Comparison/control

No restrictions on the comparators.

Outcomes

Primary outcome of interest was compliance with the desired clinical behaviour. Secondary outcomes were patient health-related outcomes.

Study design

Randomised controlled trials published in peer-reviewed journals, in English Language. Grey literature was not eligible for inclusion.