Table 2 Linking interventions with behaviour change techniques and mode of delivery
Intervention (as defined by ERIC taxonomy) | Target behaviour | Behaviour change technique | Mode of delivery | Major gaps using APEASE criteria A-Affordability P-Practicability E-Effectiveness A-Acceptability SE-Side Effects E-Equity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Training programme redesign | On-job training HCWs in child TB (specimen collection, interpreting CXRs) | Instruction on how to perform the behaviour Demonstration of the behaviour | Face-face to individuals and groups Print media (guidelines) | Low practicability: needs skilled staff to train and time off busy schedules |
Purposeful selection of champions | Providing clinical leadership, mentorship and supervision Building teamwork to ensure best practices | Demonstration of the behaviour Credible source Social support Goal setting Feedback on the behaviour | Face-face to individuals and groups | Low practicability: low where staff are few and stretched and none willing to take up role |
Audit and feedback | Encourage better documentation of history and physical signs and symptoms suggestive of TB Encourage better documentation of tests ordered and date done Encourage better documentation of samples collected, when and test results | Adding objects (record forms) to the environment Feedback on the behaviour Prompts/cues | Face-face to individuals and groups Individually accessed computer-generated reports | Low acceptability: may resist if not part of their culture Practicability: low where staff are few and stretched |
Workflow restructuring | Reorganising patient flow and processes Ensuring samples get to the lab on time Ensuring results get back to each patients’ file and gets reviewed by clinician | Restructuring of the physical and social environment Feedback on the behaviour Prompts and cues Demonstration of the behaviour | Group | Low practicability and acceptability: may be low where staff are few and stretched |
Resources | Ensuring availability of reagents, cartridges, specimen bottles, safety masks Ensuring availability and use of guidelines/job aides Providing personal protective equipment and encouraging consistent use | Restructuring of the physical environment Adding objects to the environment Feedback on the behaviour Demonstration of the behaviour Prompts and cues | Group Individual—in-charge: using reports | Low affordability: cost prohibitive Low acceptability: using masks Low effectiveness: of procurement Low availability: dependent on TB programme Low acceptability: low where people prefer to use their acumen |