Table 3 Identified themes and quality assessment of included papers using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool [45]
O'Brien (2016) [54] | Shelton (2019) [55] | Otte (2017) [53] | Brouwers (2014) [56] | Bristow (2018) [57] | Brown (2016) [58] | Carrick (1998) [59] | Fonteyne (2018) [60] | Gattellari (2001) [61] | Graham (2007) [15] | Grilli (1991) [62] | Ismaila (2018) [63] | Jagsi (2014) [64] | Ward (1997) [65] | White (2010) [66] | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MMAT Quality assessment | Qualitative | âś“ | âś“ | âś“ | âś“ | ||||||||||||
Quantitative | âś“ | âś“ | âś“ | âś“ | âś“ | âś“ | âś“ | âś“ | âś“ | âś“ | âś“ | âś“ | âś“ | ||||
Are there clear research questions? | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
Do the collected data allow to [researchers to] address the research questions? | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||
MMAT–Qualitative | Is the qualitative approach appropriate to answer the research question? | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||||||||||||
Are the qualitative data collection methods adequate to address the research question? | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||||||||||||
Are the findings adequately derived from the data? | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||||||||||||
Is the interpretation of results sufficiently substantiated by data? | Y | Y | Y | CT | |||||||||||||
Is there coherence between qualitative data sources, collection, analysis and interpretation? | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||||||||||||
MMAT–Quantitative | Is the sampling strategy relevant to address the research question? | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | CT | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
Is the sample representative of the target population? | Y | Y | Y | CT | Y | CT | Y | Y | N | CT | CT | CT | CT | ||||
Are the measurements appropriate? | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | CT | Y | Y | Y | Y | ||||
Is the risk of nonresponse bias low? | CT | CT | CT | CT | CT | CT | Y | CT | CT | CT | CT | CT | CT | ||||
Is the statistical analysis appropriate to answer the research question? | Y | CT | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | CT | Y | ||||