Table 1 Coetsee’s framework of change responses [16]
Forms of response | Description |
|---|---|
Commitment | Powerful acceptance of change, requiring employee empowerment, and a recognition of their contributions and efforts, as well as employees’ understanding and acceptance of values and goals for achieving the organization’s mission |
Involvement | Strong form of acceptance of changes, which involves taking part in or “doing” the changes, as manifested by willing cooperation and participative behaviors |
Support | Expressing a positive view of changes but it does not mean that one acts to promote or participate in the changes |
Indifference | A neutral or transition zone that lies between the three forms of acceptance (commitment, involvement, and support) and three forms of resistance (passive, active, and aggressive resistance). It is also described as a (fourth) form of resistance to change, but it is characterized by fairly neutral attitudes and passive resignation. It involves a lack of positive or negative attitudes and no behavioral responses to changes |
Passive resistance | Mild opposition to changes, demonstrated by voicing negative views and considering quitting the job |
Active resistance | Strong opposition to changes, displayed through negative attitudes and impeding behaviors such as protesting |
Aggressive resistance | Destructive opposition to change, which may involve active efforts to hinder change, such spreading of destructive rumors, strikes, subversion, and sabotage |