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Table 5 Study outcomes

From: Study protocol: a pragmatic, stepped-wedge trial of tailored support for implementing social determinants of health documentation/action in community health centers, with realist evaluation

RE-AIM

component

Outcome measures

Reach

• Rate of clinic encounters where SDH is documented: among any patients and targeted patients

Effectiveness—secondary outcome

(among patients with/at risk for diabetes, a subset of study CHC patients)

Rate of all/targeted patients seen that month who have:

 • Controlled diabetes risks (BP < 140/80; A1c < 7.0%; BMI < 30; LDL < 100 mg/dL)

 • Incident comorbidities, e.g., retinopathy, neuropathy

 • Up-to-date diabetes tests (lipid panel, HbA1c, eye/foot exams)

Adoption—primary outcome

Rate of

 • All patients seen for whom SDH data are documented

 • Targeted patients seen for whom SDH data are documented

 • Patients with an identified SDH need with documented referrals to community agencies: overall; among those who requested clinic assistance; and according to reported SDH needs

Implementation

• Participation in implementation support activities

• Realist evaluation results

Maintenance

• All measures over time

• Change in diabetes risks/measures over time