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Table 4 Effect of the intervention on Rx cost, HSU cost, and total cost (per patient)

From: Economic evaluation of the NET intervention versus guideline dissemination for management of mild head injury in hospital emergency departments

Variable

No. of patients (EDs)

Mean (SE)

Incremental cost, raw (95%CI)†

Incremental cost, adjusted (95%CI)‡

Rx

Control

Rx

Control

NET

 Rx Cost

  Base-case

893 (14)

1050 (17)

$139.0 (1.6)

$0.8 (0.0)

$138.20 (135,141)

–

  No URG

893 (14)

1050 (17)

$139.0 (1.6)

$0.8 (0.0)

$138.20 (135,141)

–

 HSU Cost

  Base-case

893 (14)

1050 (17)

$825.9 (44)

$777.4 (33)

$48.52 (− 57, 154)

$23.86 (− 106,153)

  No URG

893 (14)

1050 (17)

$354.0 (42)

$315.7 (31)

$38.35 (− 62, 139)

-$1.08 (− 125,122)

 Total Cost

  Base-case

893 (14)

1050 (17)

$964.9 (44)

$778.2 (33)

$186.72 (81, 292)

$169.89 (43, 297)

  No URG

893 (14)

1050 (17)

$493.0 (42)

$316.5 (31)

$176.55 (76, 277)

$159.96 (39, 281)

NET-Plus, including post-NET HSU

 Rx Cost

  Base-case

126 (10)

218 (14)

$143.8 (4.6)

$0.8 (0.0)

$142.96 (136,150)

–

  No URG

126 (10)

218 (14)

$143.8 (4.6)

$0.8 (0.0)

$142.96 (136,150)

–

 HSU Cost

  Base-case

126 (10)

218 (14)

$980.8 (235)

$738.5 (72)

$242.38 (− 156,640)

$341.78 (− 58, 742)

  No URG

126 (10)

218 (14)

$526.6 (233)

$276.5 (66)

$250.06 (− 137,638)

$338.54 (− 56, 733)

 Total Cost

  Base-case

126 (10)

218 (14)

$1124.6 (235)

$739.3 (72)

$385.34 (− 12, 783)

$505.06 (96, 915)

  No URG

126 (10)

218 (14)

$670.3 (233)

$277.3 (66)

$393.02 (− 6, 780)

$543.49 (116, 971)

  1. †Incremental cost, raw = unconditional difference in cost per patient due to exposure to the intervention from two sample t test with equal variances
  2. ‡Incremental cost, adjusted = difference in cost due to exposure to the intervention; adjusted for the following minimisation factors and pre-specified confounders: age, sex, out_of_hours, rurality, mTBI protocol, ED participation in NET-Plus, and annual_presentation_rate. Estimates derived from margins, dydx(i.study_group) after xtgee, family(gamma) link(log) corr(exchangeable) vce(robust) to account for within-cluster correlation structure and yielding cluster-robust standard errors even if the correlation structure is misspecified