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Table 2 Results of prescribing for HbA1c, prescribing for blood pressure and examining feet based on patient electronic records in intervention (n = 22) and control (n = 22) practices

From: Cluster randomised controlled trial of a theory-based multiple behaviour change intervention aimed at healthcare professionals to improve their management of type 2 diabetes in primary care

  Baseline Follow-up (12 months)    
Outcome (clinician behaviour) Intervention Control Intervention Control Effect size (95%CI) p ICC
Prescribed additional therapy for glycemic control1 29% 31% 37% 35% IRR 1.18 (0.95 to 1.48) 0.13 –
(95%CI 21–36%) (95%CI 22–41%) (95%CI 31–43%) (95%CI 29–41%)
Prescribed additional therapy for blood pressure2 45% 45% 53% 50% IRR 1.05 (0.96 to 1.16) 0.29 –
(95%CI 37–52%) (95%CI 42–47%) (95%CI 47–59%) (95%CI 46–53%)
Examined circulation and sensation in feet3 75% 74% 78% 79% OR 0.84 (0.75 to 0.94) < 0.01 0.03
  1. Note: Percentages based on uncorrected means. Effect sizes adjusted for baseline and practice size. ICC not calculated for prescribing as unit of analysis was the practice level
  2. IRR incidence rate ratio, OR odds ratio, ICC intracluster correlation
  3. 1Numerator: number of patients prescribed insulin for the first time. Denominator: Number of patients with type 2 diabetes in each practice with an HbA1c measure exceeding 58 mmol/mol (7.5%) at least once in the 12 months post-intervention who were also on three or more oral hypoglycemic drugs
  4. 2Numerator: number of patients prescribed an additional antihypertensive drug or had tablet size changed. Denominator: patients with type 2 diabetes in each practice with at least one blood pressure measure above 140/80 mmHg, excluding those with a subsequent follow-up measure below blood pressure threshold
  5. 3Numerator: patients with recorded examination of sensation and circulation in each foot. Denominator: all patients meeting inclusion criteria
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Implementation Science

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