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Table 3 Outcome estimates of the 3592 study patients by usage status at the end of 60-month observations

From: What is in your wallet? A cluster randomized trial of the effects of showing comparative patient out-of-pocket costs on primary care prescribing for uncomplicated hypertension

Outcomes

Incident, newly treated patients

 

Control

(n = 636)

Intervention

(n = 625)

Effect of intervention vs. control

 

N (%)

N (%)

Adjusteda risk ratio

(95% CI)

p value

 Therapeutic class

  Diuretic (at least one)

126 (19.8%)

166 (26.6%)

1.65

(1.17, 2.33)

0.004

  Only other-hypertensive(s)

510 (80.2%)

459 (73.4%)

0.61

(0.43, 0.86)

0.004

 No. anti-hypertensives

  I drug prescribed

534 (84.0%)

532 (85.1%)

1.10

(0.73, 1.66)

0.64

  ≥ 2 drugs prescribed

102 (16.0%)

93 (14.9%)

0.91

(0.60, 1.37)

0.64

 

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Adjusteda risk diff

(95% CI)

p value

 Treatment adherence

  Average adherence (%)

52.8 (34.7)

57.7 (34.1)

1.72

(− 6.91, 10.36)

0.70

 Annual cost of therapy

  Total cost (CAD$)

441.6 (129.0)

453.4 (131.8)

0.78

(− 17.93, 19.49)

0.93

  Out-of-pocket cost (CAD$)

252.6 (87.5)

261.5 (88.2)

0.27

(− 13.37, 13.91)

0.97

 

Prevalent, currently treated patients

 

Control

(n = 1042)

Intervention

(n = 1289)

Effect of intervention vs.. control

 

N (%)

N (%)

Adjusteda risk ratio

(95% CI)

p value

 Therapeutic class

  Diuretic (at least one)

162 (15.3%)

200 (15.5%)

1.09

(0.79, 1.52)

0.60

  Only other-hypertensive(s)

880 (84.7%)

1089 (84.5%)

0.91

(0.66, 1.27)

0.60

 No. anti-hypertensives

  I drug prescribed

776 (74.5%)

998 (77.4%)

1.13

(0.90, 1.42)

0.28

  ≥ 2 drugs prescribed

266 (25.5%)

291 (22.6%)

0.88

(0.70, 1.11)

0.28

 

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Adjusteda risk diff

(95% CI)

p value

 Treatment adherence

  Average adherence (%)

70.7 (28.7)

72.1 (28.0)

1.36

(− 1.55, 4.28)

0.36

 Annual cost of therapy

  Total cost (CAD$)

402.1 (149.7)

405.5 (160.0)

− 2.62

(− 19.59, 14.34)

0.76

  Out-of-pocket cost (CAD$)

227.1 (98.4)

229.7 (103.4)

− 1.65

(− 12.59, 9.29)

0.77

  1. Total of 3592 patients were included for these analyses, 1261 of which were incident, or newly treated patients, and 2331 were prevalent or currently treated patients
  2. 1Adjusted for age, gender, cci, household income, number of medications at baseline, copayment plan (maximum or partial/none), average annual practice anti-hypertensive cost, physician experience, and physicians’ propensity to prescribe diuretics
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Implementation Science

ISSN: 1748-5908