Table 1 Characteristics of included studies (n = 14)
From: Effective strategies for scaling up evidence-based practices in primary care: a systematic review
Reference in chronological order | General characteristics | Targeted units | Component of scaling-up strategya | Outcomes | Outcomes | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Country economic status | Funding source | Clinical area | Study design | Setting | Evidence-based practice | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 | Scaling-up processb | Health system | Provider | Patient | ||
Frieden et al. [51] | MIC | Governmental organization | Tuberculosis | Non-RCT | State and district health tuberculosis units | Treatment, short-course (DOTS) strategy for tuberculosis control | Region, patient | ⊠| Coverage | Sputum smear conversion, cure rate; treatment success | ||||||
Price et al. [52] | LIC | Governmental organization | HIV | Before-after | Primary health centers | Basic HIV care | Site | ⊠| Reproductive health, services for children, curative services | |||||||
Mutevedzi et al. [53] | MIC | Governmental organization | HIV | Before-after | Primary health care clinics | HIV treatment and care program | Site, patient | ⊠| Retention in care, mortality, loss to follow-up and virological outcomes | |||||||
Renju et al. [54] | LIC | Governmental organization | Sexually transmitted infection and reproductive health | Before-after | Health units (hospitals, health centers and dispensaries) | Youth-friendly services (YES) intervention | Site, provider | ⊠| Knowledge and attitudes of health workers | |||||||
Curry et al. [55] | LIC | Voluntary/charitable body | Child care | Before-after | Primary health care units | Some items of Millennium Rural Initiative (EMRI) | Site | ⊠| ⊠| Cost-benefit ratio of the EMRI program | Health centre infrastructure and performance | Maternal and child survival | ||||
Goetz et al. [56] | HIC | Research funding body | HIV | Non-RCT | Veterans' healthcare administration facilities | A multimodal program to promote HIV testing | Site | ⊠| ⊠| Semi-annual patient load per facility, number of patient visits per year, prevalence of HIV, complexity level | Number of providers seeing the patients during the 6 months of routine testing | HIV testing | ||||
Li et al. [57] | HIC | Governmental organization | Preventing seniors' falls | Before-after | Local senior and community centers | Tai Ji Quan: Moving for Better Balance | Provider | ⊠| Coverage; measures of program implementation, maintenance and effectiveness | Body mass index, incidence of falls, fear of falling, health status, number of chronic medical conditions | ||||||
Miyano et al. [58] | MIC | Not found | Tuberculosis | CBA | Hospitals and rural health centers | Antiretroviral therapy (ART) services program | Site | ⊠| ⊠| HIV testing, tuberculosis treatment outcomes (success, died/failed) | ||||||
Comfort et al. [59] | MIC | Governmental organization | Malaria | Before-after | Hospitals: rural health centers and primary health centers | Malaria control interventions | Site, patient | ⊠| ⊠| Costs incurred for malaria admissions | Hospital admissions, outpatient visits for malaria | |||||
Legesse et al. [60] | LIC | Governmental organization | Child care | Non-RCT | Primary health care units | Integrated community case management (iCCM) program | Region, site, patient | ⊠| ⊠| ⊠| Key indicators of iCCM implementation strength, quality of care, utilization of iCCM services, service | Syndromes treated (malaria, suspected pneumonia, diarrhea, severe acute malnutrition) | ||||
Solberg et al. [61] | HIC | Not found | Depression | RCT | Primary care clinics | The IMPACT (Improving Mood: Promoting Access to Collaborative Treatment) model | Site, patient | ⊠| ⊠| ⊠| Depression remission rates, satisfaction with care, work productivity, health status | |||||
Sim et al. [62] | MIC | Voluntary/charitable body | HIV | Before-after | Public health facilities | Linked Response (LR) model | Region, site | Coverage | Pregnant women's access to HIV testing and treatment | |||||||
Munos et al. [63] | LIC | Governmental organization | Child care | Non-RCT | Health districts | iCCM for diarrhea, malaria and pneumonia | Region | ⊠| ⊠| ⊠| ⊠| Program targets of mortality and coverage, intensity and quality of program implementation, careseeking. | ||||
Singh et al. [64] | MIC | Voluntary/charitable body | Child care | Before-after | Health facilities (health posts, health centers, and hospitals) | Project Fives Alive! | Site | ⊠| ⊠| Early antenatal care, skilled delivery coverage, underweight infants at child welfare clinics, under-fives | ||||||