Table 1 Descriptive statistics from 427 participants nested in 112 programs
M (SD) or % | Range | |
|---|---|---|
Participant demographics | ||
Age | 46.6 (11.7) | 19–75 |
Race and ethnicity | ||
Latino | 40.1 | |
African American | 27.6 | |
White | 21.6 | |
Other | 10.1 | |
Position | ||
Director | 25.3 | |
Supervisor | 15.7 | |
Counselor | 58.8 | |
Education | ||
High school or lower | 5.9 | |
College | 56.4 | |
Graduate degree | 32.3 | |
Program measures | ||
Transformational leadership | 39.4 (7.5) | 10–50 |
Climate for implementation of cultural competence | 3.4 (0.85) | 1–5 |
Knowledge | 2.9 (0.57) | 1–4 |
Personnel practices | 2.6 (0.74) | 1–4 |
Service practices | 2.4 (0.87) | 1–4 |
Control variables | ||
Percentage of public funding | 67.9 | |
Licensing | 96.3 | |
Professional accreditation (Joint Commission) | 32.7 | |
Professionalization (% of staff with graduate degree) | 21.6 (18.3) | 0–75 |