n (median where specified) | % (IQR where specified) | |
---|---|---|
Study design | ||
Retrospective cohort | 40 | 25 |
Individual RCT | 40 | 25 |
Before-and-after | 27 | 17 |
Cluster RCT | 23 | 15 |
Prospective cohort | 16 | 10 |
Quasi-experimental | 7 | 4 |
Cross-sectional | 2 | 1 |
Case-control | 2 | 1 |
Regiona | ||
Africa | 138 | 87 |
Asia | 13 | 8 |
Americas | 7 | 4 |
Level of behavioral targetb | ||
Individuals—patients | 75 | 62 |
Individuals—community members | 18 | 15 |
Organizations | 15 | 12 |
Individuals—healthcare workers | 12 | 10 |
Study reported a positive effect | ||
No | 46 | 29 |
Yes | 111 | 71 |
Year of publication | ||
2004 | 1 | 1 |
2005 | 0 | 0 |
2006 | 2 | 1 |
2007 | 4 | 3 |
2008 | 6 | 4 |
2009 | 7 | 4 |
2010 | 18 | 11 |
2011 | 17 | 11 |
2012 | 29 | 18 |
2013 | 18 | 11 |
2014 | 8 | 5 |
2015 | 15 | 10 |
2016 | 24 | 15 |
2017c | 8 | 5 |
Sample sized (median, IQR) | 955 | 400 to 4903 |