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Table 2 Changes in nurses’ self-reported attitudes and behaviors regarding providing cessation services—implementation

From: Implementation of the Tobacco Tactics intervention versus usual care in Trinity Health community hospitals

 

Pre-intervention = 1345

Post-intervention = 849

Chi-square

Control = 375

Control = 296

 

n (%)

n (%)

P value

Smoking cessation is very or extremely important

 Intervention

1015 (75.9)

567 (83.6)

<0.001

 Control

249 (75.0)

145 (54.9)

<0.001

Very or extremely confident in ability to provide smoking cessation

 Intervention

382 (28.6)

387 (57.1)

<0.001

 Control

141 (43.1)

80 (30.3)

<0.001

Currently provide smoking cessation services

 Intervention

1134 (84.9)

635 (92.4)

<0.001

 Control

273 (82.0)

195 (73.0)

0.009

Smoking cessation services provided:

 Advice

  Intervention

940 (83.9)

588 (93.5)

<0.001

  Control

242 (90.3)

161 (83.9)

0.039

 Individual counseling

  Intervention

267 (23.8)

255 (40.7)

<0.001

  Control

91 (34.1)

53 (27.7)

0.150

 Group counseling

  Intervention

48 (4.3)

43 (6.9)

0.019

  Control

21 (7.9)

24 (12.6)

0.095

 Medications

  Intervention

845 (75.7)

533 (85.6)

<0.001

  Control

227 (84.7)

157 (81.8)

0.404

 Handouts

  Intervention

1022 (91.1)

593 (94.3)

0.017

  Control

200 (74.6)

148 (77.1)

0.545

 DVD

  Intervention

94 (8.4)

88 (14.0)

<0.001

  Control

16 (5.9)

13 (6.8)

0.709

 Phone calls

  Intervention

35 (3.2)

43 (6.9)

<0.001

  Control

9 (3.4)

7 (3.7)

0.866

Face barriers that make it difficult to provide smoking cessation services

 Intervention

1042 (78.9)

431 (64.2)

<0.001

 Control

199 (59.9)

148 (56.1)

0.340

Barriers indicated:

 Lack of confidence

  Intervention

198 (14.7)

74 (8.7)

<0.001

  Control

24 (6.4)

16 (5.4)

0.589

 Not enough training

  Intervention

435 (32.3)

42 (4.9)

<0.001

  Control

78 (20.8)

67 (22.6)

0.566

 Not enough time

  Intervention

665 (49.4)

246 (29.0)

<0.001

  Control

104 (27.7)

87 (29.4)

0.636

 Hesitant to upset patients

  Intervention

378 (28.1)

134 (15.8)

<0.001

  Control

49 (13.1)

53 (17.9)

0.083

 Not my job

  Intervention

50 (3.7)

8 (0.9)

<0.001

  Control

15 (4.0)

22 (7.4)

0.053

  1. Nurses from non-targeted units were intentionally not surveyed in the post-intervention period, thus the sample size is smaller than the pre-intervention period