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Table 3 Results of the logistic regression

From: Printed educational messages fail to increase use of thiazides as first-line medication for hypertension in primary care: a cluster randomized controlled trial [ISRCTN72772651]

Regression model 1a: unadjusted effect of interventions, insert and combined outserts

Intervention

Odds ratio

95 % confidence interval

p value

informed only (reference group)

1.00

 

0.54

 + insert

0.97

0.86 to 1.09

 

 + outsert

0.93

0.83 to 1.05

 

 + insert and outsert

1.01

0.90 to 1.14

 

Regression model 1b: effect of interventions, adjusted for patient and physician covariates, insert and combined outsertsa

Intervention

Odds ratio

95 % confidence interval

p value

informed only (reference group)

1.00

 

0.60

 + insert

0.98

0.87 to 1.11

 

 + outsert (combined)

0.93

0.83 to 1.05

 

 + insert and outsert

1.00

0.89 to 1.12

 

Effect of patient and physician characteristicsb

Physician characteristics

 Female (reference is male)

1.27

1.14 to 1.40

<0.0001

Place of training

  

<0.0001

 Canada (reference)

1.00

  

 USA

0.90

0.77 to 1.06

0.21

 UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand

0.75

0.43 to 1.30

0.30

 Other

0.53

0.46 to 0.61

<0.0001

Group practice (reference is solo practice)

1.21

1.10 to 1.32

<0.0001

Rural (reference is non-rural)

1.39

1.23 to 1.57

<0.0001

Years since graduation (odds ratio per additional 10 years)

1.06

1.01 to 1.11

0.014

Elapsed time between mail-out and patient visit (odds ratio per additional 30 days)

0.98

0.97 to 0.99

<0.0001

Patient characteristics

Female sex (reference is male)

1.37

1.29 to 1.45

<0.0001

Age (odds ratio per additional 10 years of age)

1.09

1.05 to 1.14

<0.0001

Location of the visit

  

<0.0001

 Physician office (reference)

1.00

  

 Long-term care

0.68

0.56 to 0.84

0.0002

 Patient’s home

0.96

0.68 to 1.35

0.81

 Phone call

0.30

0.13 to 0.70

0.0050

Regression model 2a: unadjusted effect of interventions, with outserts split by type

Intervention

Odds ratio

95 % confidence interval

p value

informed only (reference group)

1.00

 

0.69

 + insert

0.97

0.86 to 1.09

 

 + atheoretical outsert

0.95

0.82 to 1.09

 

 + TPB-based outsert

0.92

0.80 to 1.06

 

 + insert and atheoretical outsert

0.97

0.84 to 1.12

 

 + insert and TPB-based outsert

1.05

0.91 to 1.21

 

Regression model 2b: effect of interventions, adjusted for patient and physician covariates, insert and outserts split by type

Intervention

Odds ratio

95 % confidence interval

p value

informed only (reference group)

1.00

 

0.71

 + insert

0.98

0.87 to 1.11

 

 + atheoretical outsert

0.94

0.81 to 1.08

 

 + TPB-based outsert

0.93

0.81 to 1.07

 

 + insert and atheoretical outsert

0.96

0.83 to 1.10

 

 + insert and TPB-based outsert

1.05

0.91 to 1.21

 
  1. aThe model was adjusted for these patient variables: age, sex and location of the visit with the physician. The model was adjusted for these physician variables: year of graduation, sex, place of training, type of practice (solo/group), place of practice (rural/urban) and elapsed time between the mail-out and the office visit
  2. bOdds ratios are adjusted for all of the other variables in the model
  3. p values for interactions with the intervention
  4. Informed subscriber p = 0.73
  5. Rural location p = 0.97
  6. Practice type, p = 0.88
  7. Patient sex, p = 0.81
  8. Location of visit, p = 0.76
  9. Patient age, p = 0.58
  10. GP sex, p = 0.36
  11. Number of years since GP graduation, p = 0.29
  12. Graduation place, p = 0.18
  13. Time from mail-out to patient visit, p = 0.15
  14. p value for four-level intervention = 0.60
  15. p value for six-level intervention = 0.71
  16. All of the main effects are significant
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Implementation Science

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