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Table 5 Example of change objectives for selected performance objectives

From: Using intervention mapping to develop a home-based parental-supervised toothbrushing intervention for young children

Performance objective

Determinant

Change objective(s)

Parent actively brushes child’s teeth with fluoride toothpaste twice a day

Motivation and goals

Intend to brush child’s teeth with fluoride toothpaste twice a day

Knowledge

Know how to brush child’s teeth

Beliefs about capabilities (self-efficacy)

Express confidence in ability to actively brush child’s teeth with fluoride toothpaste twice a day

Demonstrate ability to actively brush child’s teeth with fluoride toothpaste twice a day

Skills

Develop skills to actively brush child’s teeth with fluoride toothpaste twice a day

Demonstrate appropriate PSB (i.e. twice a day)

Beliefs about consequences (attitude)

Increase recognition of importance of parent actively brushing child’s teeth with fluoride toothpaste twice a day

Parent perceives themselves as responsible for keeping their child’s teeth clean

Social role and identity

Perceive and take responsibility for brushing child’s teeth

Beliefs about consequences (attitude)

Believe that being responsible for child’s toothbrushing will improve outcomes for child

Social influence

Believe that others important to them think they should be responsible for brushing child’s teeth

Parent manages competing demands on time/resources

Knowledge

Know how to manage social demands on your time and resources (e.g. siblings, family problems)

Know how to manage environmental demands on your time and resources (e.g. work commitments, financial issues)

Beliefs about consequences (attitude)

Increase belief that proactive management of competing demands on time/resources will be beneficial

Beliefs about capabilities (self-efficacy)

Express confidence in managing competing demands on time/resources

Skills

Develop ability to manage competing demands on time/resources

Demonstrate ability to manage competing demands on time/resources

Social influences

Manage social and family pressures on time/resources

Environmental contexts and resources

Manage environmental demands on time/resources

Parent copes with problems faced with PSB

Knowledge

Knows about potential problems and how to cope with them

Skills

Develop coping strategies to manage problems faced with PSB

Behaviour regulation

Identify strategies to manage child’s behaviour in response to PSB

Beliefs about capabilities (self-efficacy)

Express confidence in ability to cope with problems faced with PSB

Demonstrate ability to cope with problems faced with PSB

Environmental context and resources

Identify environmental contexts that could lead to problems with performing PSB (e.g. tiredness)

Develop strategies to overcome environmental problems (e.g., tiredness)

If in different location, parents to pack necessary equipment to perform PSB in new location

Environmental context and resources

Identify situations where child will be in location different to usual location PSB takes place

Execute normal PSB routine in new location

Knowledge

Know to continue brushing child’s teeth routine in new location

Know to pack child’s toothbrush and toothpaste

Beliefs about consequences (attitude)

Increase recognition of the importance to brush child’s teeth irrespective of location

Beliefs about capabilities (self-efficacy)

Express confidence in ability to brush child’s teeth in new locations

Demonstrate ability to brush child’s teeth in new locations

Nature of behaviour (routine)

Organise PSB routine to take place in new location

Execute PSB routine in new location