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Table 2 Derivation of Theoretical Domains Framework from needs assessment

From: Using intervention mapping to develop a home-based parental-supervised toothbrushing intervention for young children

Theoretical domains from TDF

Number of times domain identified as a barrier/facilitator in the systematic review**

Qualitative interviews—example quotes

Knowledge

43

“I don’t think they’ve ever told us that under the age of 7 you should brush your kids teeth”

Skills

17

“I have to say to her give me a turn and then it’s your turn to brush her teeth and she has her turn…”

Social/professional role and identity

3

“It is my responsibility because they’re my kids, I brought them into this world so it’s my job to give them the best upbringing”

Beliefs about capabilities

13

“…all the time I am worrying…like if I’m doing it right…”

Beliefs about consequences

21

“you can actually smell their breath like when their talking to you and if they’ve not brushed their teeth it really really smells”

Motivation and goals

13

“I’d have think its lacking motivation more than anything – obviously I do want them clean but I think with me what it is its just sort of finding the hours in the day to get round and do everything and a lot of the time were just so busy doing everything it’s sort of quickly in and quickly out

Memory, attention and decision processes

 0

“I just think I forget cause I’ve only so many hours in the day to do things”

Environmental context and resources

22

“…but at night because she’s sort of in and out doing things she does tend to forget she’s got to come in and do them, and when I go up to bed cause I go up to bed with her, I will say to her bathroom first and teeth done and that’s when you start with your problems! She just doesn’t want to do them at night”

Social influences

10

“You see her Dads a problem as well – he doesn’t do his as regular, now her Granddad does, he’s always in the bathroom and he’s always reminding her, he’s brilliant doing his”

Emotion

5

“I’m really happy about it; I prefer brushing their teeth than asking them to do it, because when I do it I know it’s done properly”

Behaviour regulation

13

“…if I try to brush it for him he’ll throw a tantrum, he throws the toothbrush at me, toothpaste at me and just lay on the floor and start kicking his legs…”

Nature of behaviours

3

“but if parents encourage the kids every day or tell them or like me become a habit then it’s much more easier for them just getting used to it like a daily routine so they have to do it, they have to do it that’s it”

  1. Findings taken from Aliakbari et al. [29] and Marshman et al. [21]
  2. **n = 95 (Note: Studies were not mutually exclusive and could identify multiple domains)