Integrating new practices: a qualitative study of how hospital innovations become routine

Table 3 Characteristics of readmission reduction innovations

Readmission reduction innovation	Intrinsic reward to staff	Integrating mechanisms observed
1. Patient education [25, 29]	High	Shifts of attitudes and norms
2. Follow-up phone calls to patients after discharge [24, 27–29]	High	Shifts of attitudes and norms
3. Discharge planning (multidisciplinary rounds to coordinate) [28, 29, 46]	High	Shifts of attitudes and norms
4. Collaboration with post-acute providers (e.g., SNFs) [31]	High	Shifts of attitudes and norms
5. Scheduling follow-up appointments before discharge [27, 28]	Low	Performance standards
6. Medication management [27, 28]	Low	Performance standards
7. Flu and pneumonia vaccination for indicated patients [47, 48]	Low	Automation

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