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Table 1 Characteristics of included studies

From: What is the effectiveness of printed educational materials on primary care physician knowledge, behaviour, and patient outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analyses

Author (year)

Study type

Country

Study topic

Intervention

Comparison

# of physicians

Behaviours targeted

Avorn, J. (1983)

RCT

USA

Drug prescribing

Recommendations

Another intervention, usual care

435

Physician behaviour

Bearcroft, P.W.P. (1994)

RCT

England

Medical imaging

Full guideline or summary

Usual care

210

Physician behaviour

Bishop, P. (2006)

RCT

Canada

Low back pain

Whole guideline

Another intervention, usual care

462

Physician behaviour

Bjornson, D.C. (1990)

RCT

USA

Hypertension/cardiovascular illness

Journal article

Usual care

576

Physician behaviour

Butzlaff, M. (2003)

RCT

Germany

General

Whole guideline

Usual care

72

Physician cognition

Denig, P. (1990)

RCT

Netherlands

Irritable bowel syndrome and renal colic

Bulletin

Usual care

209

Physician behaviour, physician cognition

Dickinson, W.P. (2003)

RCT

USA

Mental illness

Recommendations

Usual care

Not clear

Patient

Dormuth, C.R. (2004)

RCT

Canada

Drug prescribing

Bulletin

Usual care

499

Physician behaviour

Downs, M. (2006)

RCT

UK

Dementia

Electronic case analysis

Another intervention, usual care

Not clear

Physician behaviour

Dubey, V. (2006)

RCT

Canada

Prevention

Checklist with recommendations

Usual care

38

Physician behaviour

Evans, C.E. (1986)

RCT

Canada

Hypertension/cardiovascular illness

Educational/Informational Package

Usual care

76

Patient, physician behaviour

Feng, B. (2013)

RCT

USA

Prostate cancer screening

Recommendations

Another intervention

118

Physician behaviour

French, S. (2013)

RCT

Australia

Low back pain

Whole guideline

Another intervention

92

Physician behaviour, physician cognition

Guadagnoli, E. (2004)

RCT

USA

Hypertension/cardiovascular illness

Recommendations

Usual care

247

Physician behaviour

Guthrie, B. (2013)

ITS

Scotland

Dementia

Recommendations

N/A

Not clear

Physician behaviour

Hazard, R.G. (1997)

RCT

USA

Low back pain

Algorithm

Usual care

30

Patient

Hunskaar, S. (1996)

RCT

Norway

Drug prescribing

Recommendations

Usual care

374

Physician cognition

Kottke, T.E. (1989)

RCT

USA

Smoking cessation

Manual

Another intervention, usual care

66

Patient, physician behaviour

Kunz, R. (2007)

RCT

Germany

Drug prescribing

Recommendations

Usual care

132

Physician behaviour

Liaw, S.T. (2008)

RCT

Australia

Asthma

Guideline summary

Another intervention, usual care

51 total

Physician behaviour, physician cognition

Matowe, L. (2002)

ITS

Scotland

Medical imaging

Whole guideline

N/A

376

Physician behaviour

McEwan, A. (2002)

RCT

England

Smoking cessation

Educational/informational package

Usual care

107

Physician behaviour

Mukohara, K. (2005)

RCT

USA

General

Journal summary

Another intervention

107

Physician cognition

Nicholas, J. (2009)

RCT

USA

Obesity

Recommendations

Usual care

1000

Physician behaviour

Oakeshott, P. (1994)

RCT

England

Medical imaging

Sections of a guideline

Usual care

170

Physician behaviour

Perria, C. (2007)

RCT

Italy

Diabetes

Whole guideline

Another intervention, usual care

252

Physician behaviour

Rabin, D. (1994)

RCT

USA

Sexually transmitted diseases

Educational/informational package

Another intervention, usual care

961

Physician behaviour

Rahme, E. (2005)

RCT

Canada

Osteoarthritis

Recommendations

Another intervention, usual care

249

Physician behaviour

Secher, N. (2012)

RCT

Denmark

Life support

Poster

Usual care

830

Physician cognition

Shah, B. (2014)

RCT

Canada

Diabetes and cardiovascular disease

Educational/informational package

Usual care

Not clear

Patient, physician behaviour

Simon, A.E. (2010)

RCT

Switzerland

Mental illness

Clinical vignette

Usual care

1138

Physician cognition

Szonyi, G. (1994)

RCT

Australia

Incontinence

Educational/informational package

Usual care

124

Physician cognition

Tsuji, S.R. (2007)

RCT

Brazil

Mental illness

Educational/informational package

Usual care

8

Patient, physician behaviour

Tziraki, C. (2000)

RCT

USA

Prevention

Manual

Another intervention, usual care

810

Physician behaviour

Ulbricht, S. (2014)

RCT

Germany

Psychotropic drug use

Manual

Usual care

852

Physician behaviour

Watson, E. (2001)

RCT

England

Genetic services for breast cancer

Educational/informational package

Another intervention, usual care

688

Physician cognition

Watson, M. (2001)

RCT

England

Drug prescribing

Recommendations

Another intervention, usual care

107

Physician behaviour

Worrall, G. (1999)

RCT

Canada

Mental illness

Whole guideline

Another intervention

42

Patient, physician behaviour

Wright, N.M.J. (2004)

ITS

England

Drug prescribing

Recommendations

N/A

444

Physician behaviour

Zwarenstein, M. (2014)

RCT

Canada

Diabetes and retinal screening

Recommendations

Usual care, variations in intervention

5048

Physician behaviour