Table 3 Internal structure and internal consistency for COACH version V tool, phase VI

Resources

My unit has enough workers with the right training and skills to do everything that needs to be done

Human resources

0.84

0.84

0.40–0.66

0.32

My unit has enough workers with the right training and skills to do their job in the best possible way

Human resources

0.86

My unit has enough space to provide healthcare services

Space

0.47

My unit has access to the transport and fuel that are needed to provide healthcare services

Communication and transport

0.66

My unit has access to the communication tools (e.g. telephones or radios) that are needed to provide healthcare services

Communication and transport

0.72

My unit receives money according to a budget

Financing

0.52

My unit has money that we can decide how to use

Financing

0.57

My unit has enough medicine to provide healthcare services

Medicines and equipment

0.80

My unit has enough functional equipment to provide healthcare services

Medicines and equipment

0.76

My unit has enough disposable medical equipment, such as syringes, gloves and needles to provide healthcare services

Medicines and equipment

0.76

If the workload increases, my unit can get additional resources such as medicine and equipment

Medicines and equipment

0.70

Community engagement

In my unit, we ask community members what they think about the healthcare services that we provide

0.72

0.83

0.58–0.66

0.49

In my unit, we listen to what community members think about the healthcare services we provide

0.72

In my unit, we have meetings with community members to discuss health matters

0.75

In my unit, we encourage community members to contribute to improving the health of the community

0.74

In my unit, we encourage other organizations to contribute to improving the health of the community

0.67

Monitoring services for action

I receive regular updates about my unit’s performance based on information/data collected from our unit

0.70

0.84

0.57–0.70

0.53

My unit discusses information/data from our unit in a regular, formal way, such as in regularly scheduled meetings

0.70

My unit regularly uses unit information/data to make plans for improving its healthcare services

0.67

My unit regularly monitors its work by comparing it with the unit’s action plans

0.70

My unit regularly compares its work with national or other guidelines

0.68

Sources of knowledge

Clinical practice guidelines

Structural sources

0.78

0.69

0.38–0.49

0.31

Other printed material for work (e.g. textbooks, journals)

Structural sources

0.73

In-service training/ workshops/courses

Structural sources

0.69

The Internet

E-health

0.71

Electronic decision support (e.g. mobile phone applications or other electronic devices to assist with care and decision-making)

E-health

0.65

Commitment to work

I am proud to work in this unit.

0.70

0.76

0.55–0.62

0.52

I am satisfied to work in this unit.

0.76

I feel encouraged to do my very best at work.

0.72

Work culture

My unit is willing to use new healthcare practices such as guidelines and recommendations

Culture of learning and change

0.69

0.83

0.56–0.65

0.45

My unit helps me to improve and develop my skills

Culture of learning and change

0.57

I am encouraged to seek new information on healthcare practices

Culture of learning and change

0.75

My unit works for the good of the clients and puts their needs first

Culture of responsibility

0.65

Members of the unit feel personally responsible for improving healthcare services

Culture of responsibility

0.59

Members of the unit approach clients with respect

Culture of responsibility

0.54

Leadership

I trust the unit leader.

0.59

0.89

0.61–0.80

0.59

The leader handles stressful situations calmly.

0.80

The leader actively listens, acknowledges, and then responds to requests and concerns.

0.82

The leader effectively resolves any conflicts that arise.

0.80

The leader encourages the introduction of new ideas and practices.

0.75

The leader makes things happen.

0.73

Informal payment

Clients must always give informal payment to health workers to access healthcare services

Informal payment

0.78

0.77

0.31–0.60

0.32

Clients are treated more quickly if they make informal payments to health workers

Informal payment

0.83

Medicines or equipment that should be available for free to clients have been sold in my unit

Informal payment

0.78

Health workers are sometimes absent from work earning money at other places

Informal payment

0.73

Health workers in my unit give healthcare services to friends and family first

Nepotism

0.68

Health workers in my unit give jobs or other benefits to friends and family first

Nepotism

0.64

Efforts are made to stop clients from providing informal payment to get appropriate healthcare services

Accountability

0.87

Efforts are made to stop health workers from asking clients for informal payment

Accountability

0.86