Table 2 Effect of strategies specified to setting

Single intervention studies

Lecture

3

Ke, 2008 (++)

Schim, 2006 (+)

Ersek, 2006 (++)

Study day

2

Carr, 2003 (+); Dryden, 2009 (+)

Role play

2

Hales, 2008 (+)

Back, 2007 (+)

Interactive education

2

Bruneau, 2004 (−); Cooke, 2004 (+)

Outreach visit

1

Newton, 2009 (+)

Computer-facilitated education

4

Hulsman, 2002 (−); Jarabek, 2008 (++)

Ersek, 2008 (++); Smith, 2010 (+)

Process mapping

1

Taylor, 2007 (+)

Feedback

1

Velikova, 2004 (+)

Multidisciplinary meetings

1

Lilly, 2000; Lilly, 2003 (++)

Multi-faceted intervention studies

Multi-educational interventions

25

Reymond, 2005 (++)

Bylund, 2010 (+/−); Furman, 2006 (+/−); Betcher, 2010 (+); Hall, 2007 (+); Kinnane, 2009 (+); Razavi, 2002 and Delvaux, 2004 (+); Fischer, 2007 (++); Kruse, 2008 (++); Bailey, 2005 (++); Fallowfield, 2001 (++); Gueguen, 2009 (++);Sutherland, 2007 (++); Yamagishi, 2009 (++)

Weissman, 2000 (+); Weissman, 2001 (+)

Bravemen, 2001 (+/−); Razavi, 2003 and Lienard, 2006 and Lienard, 2008 and Merckaert 2008 (+/−); Wilkinson, 2008 (+); Finset, 2003 (+); Favre, 2007 (++); Quinn, 2008 (++); Sullivan, 2005 (++); Wilkinson, 2002 (++); Wilkinson, 2003 (++)

Mixed interventions

26

Boakes, 2000 (++)

Butow, 2008 (−); Curtis, 2011 (−); Fallowfield, 2002 and Jenkins, 2002 and Shilling, 2003 and Fallowfield, 2003 (+/−); Hansen, 2009 (+/−); Hills, 2009 (+/−); Jacobs, 2002 (+/−); McCormick, 2010 (+/−); Morgan, 2010 (+/−); Roila, 2004 (+/−); Kinley, 2004 (+); Lankshear, 2010 (+); Mirando, 2005 (+); Monteleoni, 2004 (+); Okon, 2009 (+); Smith, 2009 (+); Bookbinder, 2005 (++); Dauer, 2006 (++)

Hanson, 2005 (+); Hockley, 2010 (+); Lyon, 2007 (+); Reynolds, 2004 (+); Strumpf, 2004 (+); Keay, 2003 (++)

Stacey, 2008 (+); Woo, 2011 (+)