Table 3 Summary of findings
Outcome | Impact | Number of studies | Confidence in the findings (GRADE) |
|---|---|---|---|
Single educational intervention versus control | |||
Engaging in EIDM behaviours | Evidence of effect is mixed | 1 non-randomized trial [35] | Very low |
Use of research evidence for practice change | Evidence of effect is mixed | 1 cluster RCT [33] | Unable to be assessed; serious study limitations |
Client outcomes | Evidence of no effect | 1 RCT [47] | Moderate |
Single educational intervention versus single educational intervention | |||
Engaging in EIDM behaviours | Evidence of an effect for all outcomes | Very low to moderate | |
Multifaceted intervention versus control | |||
Engaging in EIDM behaviours | Evidence of no effect | 2 non-randomized trials [37, 60], 1 cluster non-randomized trial [42] | Very low to low |
Use of research evidence for practice change | Evidence of effect for most outcomes | Very low to moderate | |
Client outcomes | Evidence of effect is mixed | 1 RCT [45], 1 cluster RCT [41], 1 non-randomized trial [46], 1 cluster non-randomized trial [48] | Low to moderate |
Multifaceted intervention versus single educational intervention | |||
Client outcomes | Evidence of effect is mixed | Moderate to high; no serious risk of bias | |
Multifaceted intervention versus multifaceted intervention | |||
Engaging in EIDM behaviours | Evidence of effect | 1 cluster non-randomized trial [42] | Low |
Use of research evidence for practice change | Evidence of effect is mixed | 1 RCT [43]; 1 cluster RCT [44], 1 cluster non-randomized trial [40] | Very low to moderate |
Client outcomes | Evidence of effect is mixed | 1 cluster RCT [49] | Moderate to high |