A multifaceted feedback strategy alone does not improve the adherence to organizational guideline-based standards: a cluster randomized trial in intensive care

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participating ICUs and included shifts in the InFoQI program

	Intervention	Control
ICU level characteristics
Number included in analysis	13	11
Academic or teaching hospital	9	5
Cardiac surgery center	2	2
Emergency bed available	8	8
Participated in indicator pilot study	5	3
Shift level characteristics
Number included in analysis
Bed occupancy rate	18,063	15,519
Nurse-to-patient ratio	18,061	15,594
Number of operational beds^a	13.6 (8.1)	12.98 (7.7)
Bed occupancy rate^a	75.6 (2.0)	79.5 (2.2)
Percentage of shifts adhering to standard for bed occupancy rate^b	50 %	43 %
Number of qualified nurses^a	7.1 (4.5)	6.6 (5.5)
Nurse-to-patient ratio^a	0.72 (0.3)	0.69 (0.3)
Percentage of shifts adhering to standard for nurse-to-patient ratio	76 %	74 %

ICU intensive care unit, QI quality improvement
^aValues are mean (standard deviation) of day, evening, and night shifts together
^bExpressed as the proportion of shifts with bed occupancy rate below 80 %
^cExpressed as the proportion of shifts with nurse-to-patient ratio above 0.5

ISSN: 1748-5908